Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning in Healthcare: Advancing Disease Diagnosis and Overcoming Challenges

Abstract

This chapter analyzes how AI and ML are revolutionizing healthcare, particularly in disease diagnosis, while addressing ethical and practical challenges. It also explores the role of AI in managing pandemics, focusing on equitable healthcare outcomes through responsible adoption. AI and ML have demonstrated significant potential in early detection, personalized treatment, and predictive analysis for diseases like cancer, cardiovascular conditions, and neurological disorders. These technologies could alleviate the global healthcare burden by enabling more accurate diagnoses and minimizing late-stage interventions. However, challenges such as algorithmic bias, data privacy, and transparency must be addressed to ensure fair outcomes. The paper also highlights AI's role during the COVID-19 pandemic, including outbreak prediction and resource management, positioning AI as a vital tool for preventing future health crises. While AI and ML offer immense promise, their success relies on overcoming ethical hurdles and fostering human-AI collaboration.