Bioinformatics and Its Therapeutic Applications

Introduction

Bioinformatics is an applied science including computer science and Biological related research area. There is model change in biological research approach used in computer application (Bayat, 2002) many software tools and computational mathematics model in different field experiment in a high labeled (Cohen, 2004). Bioinformatics introduces the exponential development in life science including chemical and biological data development of primary database and secondary database protein sequencing, nucleic acid sequencing and many structures (Altman, 1998). Some of the known database including Protein database, gene database, zinc database, Swissprot database, CATH database, SCOP database and PIR database etc. These databases are easily available in many private internet Server Company and government domain information. Essential research and protein modeling is completed using these database with helpful for the protein sequencing analysis tool like FASTA, BLAST,CLUSTALW etc. and the protein modeled structure are visualized in using (Russo, 2000) Bioinformatics work as important role in mixture of broad disciplines of biological organ/tissue to understand the organ complex mechanisms of the body cell. Bioinformatics is also the way in which Pharmaceutical investigation, biomedical investigation and health science use the information technology in their testing proof. The complete process of biological and information data collection to analysis of the proof result such testing may be classified under the specific area named –cheminformatics, Pharma co-informatics and clinical information (Wooley, 1999) (Figure 1).

Figure 1.

Interaction of disciplines that have contributed to the formation of bioinformatics (source- Science, medicine, and the future: Bioinformatics, a new interdisciplinary science, is essential to managing, understanding, and harnessing clinical benefit from new genetic data.)

What Is Bio-Informatics

Bioinformatics research and development studies two important information technology steps in modern biology. The first is the step of proteomic &genomics information from the DNA and RNA of an individual Homo sapiens organism up to the characteristics of a population growth of such organisms (Altman, 1998). The second is the steps of practical information from observed biological activity phenomena to models that explain them and then to new experiments in order to test these models. The discipline of bioinformatics has its roots in a number of activities, including the body organization of DNA & RNA sequence and protein three-dimensional structural data collections in the 1960’s and 1970’s (Langridge, 1974). It has become a booming academic and industrial enterprise with the introduction of biological experiments that rapidly produce massive amounts of data (such as the multiple genome sequencing projects, the large scale analysis of gene expression, and the large scale analysis of protein-protein interactions). Basic biological science has always had an impact on clinical medicine& pharmaceutical (information systems), and is creating a new generation of epidemiologic, diagnostic, prognostic, and treatment modalities. Bioinformatics efforts that appear to be wholly geared towards basic science are likely to become relevant to clinical informatics & pharmaco informatics in the coming decade. For example, DNA sequence information and sequence annotations will appear in the medical chart with increasing frequency. The algorithms developed for research in bioinformatics will soon become part of clinical information and chemo informatics systems.