Biosensors for Rapid and On-Site Detection of Food Contaminants

Abstract

Food safety has become a worldwide concern because of the rising frequency of contamination by pathogens, toxins, pesticides, heavy metals, and other harmful substances. Traditional detection techniques, though precise, tend to involve time-consuming protocols, advanced equipment, and skilled operators, and hence are not appropriate for on-site and rapid applications. In this regard, biosensors have become potent analytical tools with high sensitivity, specificity, and portability for real-time food contaminant detection. Recent progress in nanotechnology, microfluidics, and signal amplification methods has improved the performance and utility of biosensors in many food matrices significantly. The present chapter discusses the most recent trends in biosensor technologies regarding their design, sensing mechanism, and real-world implementation for rapid and on-site monitoring of food safety. In addition, their challenges and future directions for commercial deployment are also addressed, focusing on the development of cost-efficient, user-friendly, and multiplexed detection platforms.