Abstract
This chapter describes how cardiovascular disease in industrialized nations the proportion is higher, reaching 90%. Ageing has a remarkable effect on the heart and arterial system, out of which leading to an increase in cardiovascular disease including atherosclerosis, hypertension, myocardial infarction, and stroke. Cardiovascular disease is one of the leading causes of Cardiovascular Disease morbidity and mortality today. Coronary heart disease accounts for 70 to 80 per cent of deaths in men and women in adults over 60 years of age. Congestive Heart Failure is the most common cause of hospitalization in the elderly. Since a significant proportion of the population is and will be elderly and the morbidity and mortality of cardiovascular disease in this population is so profound, it is important to understand the evaluation and treatment of cardiovascular disease in the elderly
TopTypes Of Cvds
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are a group of disorders of the heart and blood vessels. There are many cardiovascular diseases involving the blood vessels. They are known as vascular diseases.
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Coronary artery disease (also known as coronary heart disease and ischemic heart disease).
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Peripheral arterial disease: disease of blood vessels that supply blood to the arms and legs.
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Cerebrovascular disease: disease of blood vessels that supply blood to the brain (includes stroke).
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Renal artery stenosis.
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Aortic aneurysm.
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There are also many cardiovascular diseases that involve the heart.
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Cardiomyopathy: diseases of cardiac muscle.
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Hypertensive heart disease: diseases of the heart secondary to high blood pressure or hypertension.
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Heart failure: a clinical syndrome caused by the inability of the heart to supply sufficient blood to the tissues to meet their metabolic requirements.
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Pulmonary heart disease: a failure at the right side of the heart with respiratory system involvement.
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Cardiac dysrhythmias: abnormalities of heart rhythm.
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Inflammatory heart disease.
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Endocarditis: inflammation of the inner layer of the heart, the endocardium. The structures most commonly involved are the heart valves.
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Inflammatory cardiomegaly.
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Myocarditis: inflammation of the myocardium, the muscular part of the heart.
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Valvular heart disease.
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Congenital heart disease: heart structure malformations existing at birth.
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Rheumatic heart disease: heart muscles and valves damage due to rheumatic fever caused by streptococcus pyogenes a group a streptococcal infection.
Key Terms in this Chapter
Cardiac Rehabilitation: (CR) is a commonly used treatment for men and women with cardiovascular disease.
Treatment: The treatment that is normally provided to people with a given condition. In many studies, a control group receives the standard treatment while a treatment group receives the experimental treatment. After the clinical trial, researchers compare the outcomes of the two groups to see if the experimental treatment is better than, as good as or not as beneficial as the standard treatment.
Elderly: Ageing, an inevitable process, is commonly measured by chronological age and, as a convention, a person aged 65-years or more is often referred to as ‘elderly.’
Cardiovascular Disease: CVD is a class of diseases that involve the heart or blood vessels it includes coronary artery diseases (CAD) such as angina and myocardial infarction (commonly known as a heart attack
Social Support: Is the perception and actuality that one is cared for, has assistance available from other people, and that one is part of a supportive social network. These supportive resources can be emotional (e.g., nurturance), tangible (e.g., financial assistance), informational (e.g., advice), or companionship (e.g., sense of belonging) and intangible (e.g., personal advice).