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Characterization of CH3CH2NH3SnI3/TiO2 Heterojunction: Lead-Free Perovskite Solar Cells

Characterization of CH3CH2NH3SnI3/TiO2 Heterojunction: Lead-Free Perovskite Solar Cells

Aloke Verma (Kalinga University, India), A. K. Diwakar (Kalinga University, India), and R. P. Patel (Guru Ghasidas University, India)
Copyright: © 2021 |Pages: 5
DOI: 10.4018/978-1-7998-7611-3.ch013
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Abstract

In this chapter, CH3CH2NH3SnI3/TiO2 heterojunction lead-free perovskite solar cell (HLFPSCs) is produced by the deposition of perovskite nanoparticles from a solution of CH3CH2NH3I and SnI3 in γ-hydroxyl butyric acid lactone on a 400 nm nanolayers of TiO2 showing (001) planes. The CH3CH2NH3SnI3 /TiO2 HLFSCs shows remarkable PV performance, with Jsc= 17.05 mA/cm2, Voc = 0.71 V, and FF = 0.61; resultant PCE of 6.5% in standard AM 1.5 G one-sun light intensity and PCE of 7.5% in lower light intensity was reported in this work. The beginning of such a simple solution treated HLFPSCs paves the way to appreciate low-cost, high-efficiency LFPSCs.
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Method

The perovskite precipitates from a solution of SnI3 and CH3CH2NH3I, forming CH3CH2NH3SnI3 crystals within the concentrates and on the face of it of the TiO2 substrate (Verma et al., 2019). Performance, with Jsc of 16.10 mA cm−2, a file-factor (FF) of 0.57, and Voc of 0.63 V, conforming PCE of 5.5% under a sun power (intensity) of 1. Earlier reported on the successful use of CH3CH2NH3SnI3 at the same time as an uptake and majority carrier in a HSCs. Here, blend and deposition of CH3CH2NH3SnI3/TiO2 film were performed by spin coating of a 40-wt% base solution of CH3CH2NH3I and SnI3 in γ- hydroxyl butyric acid lactone (Boopathi et al., 2015). Upon exposure to air at ambient temperature, the film-coated on top of the TiO2 pitch-black in color, showing the materialization of CH3CH2NH3SnI3 in the state of solid, complete by XRD (from Figure 1) (Im et al., 2012).

Figure 1.

XRD pattern of CH3CH2NH3SnI3/TiO2 Heterojunction Lead-Free Perovskite Solar Cell

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The sunlight is absorbing by the CH3CH2NH3SnI3/TiO2 nanoparticles deposited by the spin-coating method. Figure 1 shows a typical XRD pattern of TiO2 nanosheets synthesized at 180 °C. The peaks of CH3CH2NH3SnI3 on the microscope sheet match closely with those of CH3CH2NH3SnI3/TiO2.

Figure 2.

SEM image of CH3CH2NH3SnI3/TiO2 Heterojunction Lead-Free Perovskite Solar Cell.

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Figure 3A distinguishes itself J−V characteristics of CH3CH2NH3SnI3/TiO2 heterojunction photovoltaic cell at standard radiance at AM1.5. Here, based on standard reporting conditions, i.e., excellent photocurrent response from 400 to 800 nanometer, Figure 3B shows the IPCE getting a max of 90% in the range of wavelength of 400−540 nanometer and reducing at elongated wavelengths until 800 nanometers. Photocurrent density of 16.2 mA/cm2, in evenhanded arrangement with the result. Succeeded a PCE of only 2.8% at standard illumination at AM1.

Figure 3.

(A) the HLFPSCs J−V characteristic (B) the device spectrum of IPCE.

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