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Some models of decision-making involved in descriptive approaches, approximating to how decisions are really taken. In the heuristics and biases program, the focus is on the individual's process to reach a conclusion, i.e. in the judgment that leads to the decision. It can be said that the central input is to indicate the existence of particular types of processing, covering certain areas in greater or lesser extent, and that in their function there is a set of trends in decisions made. It is relevant to point out that people do not decide rationally. It refers to a set of evidences of bounded rationality and systematic deviation from the optimal model, the expected decisions. However, it fails to explain why the heuristics manifest, how they operate in cognitive terms.
Key Terms in this Chapter
Memory: The memory comprises a number of biological strategies and anatomical substrates; involves a complex mechanism that covers the storage and retrieval of experiences thus is closely associated with learning.
Attention: Attention refers to the ability of the individual to respond predominantly stimuli that are significant to the detriment of others.
Emotion: Emotions are mental operations are accompanied by a previous experience, capable of guiding the behavior and conduct physiological adaptations necessary.
Categorization: Categorization is the mental operation by which the brain classifies objects and events, comes the ability to group sensory events into meaningful categories.
Consciousness: Consciousness is associated with the ability of human beings to get information itself, as well as get other people and objects.
Decision: The decision-making is understood as the deliberate choice of a course of action with the intention of producing a desired result.
Cognition: The concept of cognition comes to all capture processes of external stimuli through sensory resources and processing, reduction, storage, retrieval and use of these stimuli.