Abstract
Acid violence is not only a violation of human rights, women's rights, and humanity, but also a terrible crime regardless of location. The chapter seeks to concentrate the overall picture with a historical description of acid crime across the world with a succinct and critical review of acid violence from an activist's perspective, including its background history, contributing factors, consequences on victims' lives, and national and international perspectives on acid burn rehabilitation and treatment from Bangladesh context. A proposal is given for future study, which, understandably, will be under the SDGs regime and local legal provision in achieve social justice and human rights.
TopMotivation Of The Study
I (first Author) attended ASF in 2013 to see one of my former students who had been hired by that firm. I visited the organization, met the executive director and other personnel, and saw their acid burn center, where I met acid burn victims. After witnessing their scarred face and hearing their terrible story, I decided to continue my research on the subject. The information was subsequently given with my student, who was the office’s programmer. He assured me he will aid me in the future. I was astounded when I met a victim from my area in ASF and learned that her spouse had burnt her with acid and disfigured her beautiful face. In fact, the visit aroused my curiosity in learning more about this topic. In fact, it was this history that motivated me to seek further research on the topic. And this is the idea.
The researcher became interested to work on that issue after an unscheduled visiting to Acid Survivor Foundation (ASF) Dhaka Bangladesh and seeing the cruel reality, decided to devote the academic effort on this issue, this conceptual analysis is the bay-step towards the inhuman activities if the research itself is a form resistance. The study adopts thematic analysis in order to make a systematic presentation of existing literature from the global to the local context. Sources include recent academic articles, journals, books, newspaper, websites, news clipping, photos, even social media coverage etc. These ranges cover the local Acts and legal provisions to show the gaping hole. The primary objective of this chapter is to give an overview of the notion on acid violence and its treatment and rehabilitation procedures throughout the glove and in Bangladesh. The chapter has explored community-based rehabilitation programs in region and globally. Taken a brief historical background of acid crime and then explores different types of rehabilitation and treatment of acid patients in other countries and the world. On significance, this conceptual study may open an arena to work further by social scientists, perhaps, some empirical study is pertinent so that the government of Bangladesh may take some solid and meaningful all-inclusive programs and policies. specially it may have significant influence on SDG goals 1, 5 and 16.
Considering human rights, Women’s rights, and humanity, acid violence is not only a type of violence, but also a blatant and brutal violation of the citizen charter, independent of the geographical location. The purpose of this chapter is to contextualize the whole situation by providing a historical description of the nature of acid crime in the area and worldwide. This chapter provides a concise and critical overview, from the perspective of an activist, of the issue of acid violence, its background history, contributing factors, the effects of acid violence on victims’ lives, and the national and international perspective on the rehabilitation and treatment of acid burn patients. After an unplanned visit to the Acid Survivor Foundation (ASF) in Dhaka, Bangladesh and witnessing the cruel reality, the researcher became interested in working on this issue and decided to devote academic effort to it. This conceptual analysis is the first step towards the inhumane activities, if research is a form of resistance. The research use theme analysis to portray current literature from a global to a local context in a systematic manner. Sources include contemporary scholarly publications, journals, books, newspapers, websites, news clippings, photographs, and even social media coverage. This scope encompasses the local Acts and legislative provisions that illustrate the gaping void. This chapter’s primary purpose is to provide an overview of the concept of acid violence and its treatment and rehabilitation processes worldwide and in Bangladesh. The chapter examined community-based rehabilitation initiatives regionally and internationally. After providing a short historical context for acid crimes, the author examines several kinds of rehabilitation and therapy for acid victims in various nations and regions.
In terms of its importance, this conceptual study may pave the way for additional research by social scientists, and it may be necessary to do some empirical research so that the government of Bangladesh may enact effective and inclusive policies and programs. notably, it may considerably impact SDG targets 1, 5, and 16.
Key Terms in this Chapter
Acid Violence: The term “acid violence”—in academia—has been synonymous with different concepts, such as acid assault, acid burns, acid attack, acid throwing, vitriolism or ‘vitriolage’ (Byard, 2020 AU92: The in-text citation "Byard, 2020" is not in the reference list. Please correct the citation, add the reference to the list, or delete the citation. ). The concept is also used to refer to acid survivors in various organisations that help the victims. The terms “acid violence” and “acid attacks” are synonymous and used interchangeably. Violence against women violates human rights and is a worldwide public health issue impacting women in both industrialized and developing civilizations. According to the United Nations Declaration on the Elimination of Violence against Women, the term “violence against women” includes and means any act of gender-based violence that results in, or is likely to result in, physical, sexual, or psychological harm or suffering to women, including threats of such acts, coercion or arbitrary deprivation of liberty, whether occurring in public or private life (United Nations 1993 AU93: The in-text citation "United Nations 1993" is not in the reference list. Please correct the citation, add the reference to the list, or delete the citation. General Assembly, New York).
Community-Based Rehabilitation: The World Health Organisation (WHO) promoted the concept of community-based rehabilitation (CBR) in the mid-70. However, CBR is a term that has been used in different literature with different names. As Momm and Konig (1998) AU94: The in-text citation "As Momm and Konig (1998)" is not in the reference list. Please correct the citation, add the reference to the list, or delete the citation. used ‘community integration,’ Miles (1998) AU95: The in-text citation "Miles (1998)" is not in the reference list. Please correct the citation, add the reference to the list, or delete the citation. introduced “information-based rehabilitation”. Miles and Medi (1994) AU96: The in-text citation "Miles and Medi (1994)" is not in the reference list. Please correct the citation, add the reference to the list, or delete the citation. used ‘community-based support’ as CBR in another paper. Frye (1992) AU97: The in-text citation "Frye (1992)" is not in the reference list. Please correct the citation, add the reference to the list, or delete the citation. applied the term ‘community-based integration of rehabilitation instead of CBR in his writings. Samuel (2015) AU98: The in-text citation "Samuel (2015)" is not in the reference list. Please correct the citation, add the reference to the list, or delete the citation. mentioned CBR as a philosophy.
Rehabilitation: The term rehabilitation is synonymous with coming back, healing, mending, recovery, rehab, snapback, recuperation, or restoration. The word is used in various fields to reduce the disability of a person. Any person may need rehabilitation at any time of his life. Different organizations have defined the concept of rehabilitation from their perspective. In the present study, the term rehabilitation has been applied in case of the acid burn victims, and how they are rehabilitated in society after their treatment. Rehabilitation is also associated with the severity of the disease and injury and support from their families. Though the term mainly focuses on the health and mental issues of a person in the present study, it has covered formal and informal support systems from different systems of an acid survivor and how those systems impacted her life after the vicious accident.