This chapter gives overview of Internet of Things (IoT), various issues in IoT and describes data management in IoT. IoT is emerging technology which interconnects things through the Internet. Things present in the surrounding are communicated and control the objects without human intervention. IoT helps in performing two way communications among various heterogeneous devices by using cloud storage and cloud computing. IoT mainly concentrates on communication, so the vast amount of data generated from plenty of devices is to be managed as it consumes lot of memory. Data management includes data processing techniques such as data filtering, aggregation, compression, data archiving. Various processing techniques eliminate the irrelevant data, reduce communication overhead and enhance bandwidth, storage space and Quality of service.
TopIntroduction
Internet of Things (IoT) is emerging technology in field of wireless communication. The enabling factors of IoT are static and mobile devices present around us. The necessary parameter for perfect IoT to be employed in the daily life is the ability to interact with devices technologies, platforms on which IoT work, standards, protocols and communication between source and destination. The user can control the devices through the information stored in Internet. IoT, an evolving technology helps in exchange of data between things. The basic building blocks of IoT comprise of Things, Sensing unit, Communication, Intelligence and control (J. Gubbi, R. Buyya, S. Marrusic & M. Palaniswami, 2013). The data is collected from sensor network, stored in Internet and the objects utilize data for application. Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) is part of IoT. The purpose of deploying a sensor network is to monitor an area for an event of interest. The advent of an affordable wireless technology has led to the vision of empowering small monitoring devices with a wireless network interface that can be used to communicate with other nodes. A WSN is a network made of a numerous sensor nodes with sensing, computation and communications capabilities. These sensor nodes are scattered in an unattended environment situated far from the user as shown in Figure 1 (J. Yick, B. Mukherjee & D. Ghosal 2008, G Anastasi, M. Conti, M. Di Francesco & A. Passarella, 2009, I. F. Akyildiz & I.H. Kasimoglu,2004, I. F. Akyildiz, M. C. Vuran, O. B. Akan & W. Su., 2004). A basic sensor node typically comprises of five main components namely processor, storage unit (memory), power supply, sensors and/or actuators, and communication (radio) subsystems (J. Yick et al., 2008, G. Anastasi et al., 2009, S. Tilak, N. A. Ghazaleh, & W. Heinzelman.2002, F. Akyildiz, W. Su, Y. Sankarasubramaniam, & E. Cyirci, 2002). It is apparent that standard processor, possibly augmented with Digital Signal Processing (DSP) and other co-processors and some Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC) units provide adequate processing capabilities at acceptably low energy rates (A. Mallikarjuna, V. Reddy, A. U. Phani Kumar, D Janakiram, & G Ashok, 2009). Sensor nodes are the actual interface to the physical world. These devices observe or control physical parameters of the environment.