Chapter Preview
TopBackground
The majority of the compression standards have been proposed by the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) and the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) bodies, by introducing the following standards H.261, H.263, H.263+, H.263++, H.264, H.265, MPEG-1, MPEG-2, MPEG-4, MPEG-4 Advanced Video Coding (AVC) and MPEG-H Part 2 (ISO/IEC 23008-2).
Key Terms in this Chapter
High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC): The current joint video coding standardization project of the ITU-T Video Coding Experts Group (ITU-T Q.6/SG 16) and ISO/IEC Moving Picture Experts Group (ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 29/WG 11).
Integrated Services Digital Network: ( ISDN ) : A type of circuit switched telephone network system, designed to allow digital transmission of voice and data over ordinary telephone copper wires, resulting in better quality and higher speeds, than available with analog systems.
Qf: Essentially a measure of, the amount of data allocated to each pixel in the video, a measure of video compression quality.
Frame: One of the many still images which as a sequence compose a video signal.
Video Coding: The process of compressing and decompressing a raw digital video sequence.
Pixel: Considered the smallest sample of a digital image or video.
Bit Rate or Bitrate: The frequency at which bits are passing over a given physical medium. It is quantified by using the bit per second ( bit/s ) unit.
Multimedia: The several different media types (e.g. text, audio, graphics, animation, video).
Moving Picture Experts Group: (MPEG): A working group of ISO charged with the development of audiovisual encoding standards. MPEG includes many members from various industries and universities related to audiovisual coding research.
International Organization for Standardization: ( ISO ) : An international standard-setting body composed of representatives from national standards bodies. Founded in 1947, the organization produces world-wide industrial and commercial standards.
Frames per Second (FPS): Considered the measure of how much information is used to store and display motion video.
Video Codec: The device or software that enables the compression/decompression of digital video.