Mobile services (m-services) have become an important part of the e-commerce landscape. Although research has been conducted on which services people use and the benefits they attach to those services, the values associated with the adoption and use of m-services at the individual level is still unclear. This paper addresses the question of why and how individuals adopt and appropriate m-services with a particular focus on m-communication? In the information systems field various technology adoption models have been proposed and validated in relation to technology adoption within an organisational setting but personal adoption and use of technology is less researched. We propose the use of means-end chains and laddering techniques to determine the basic primitive values that are fulfilled for the individual by using various m-services. The examples presented show that mobile services often fulfil such basic needs as self-esteem, achievement, individuality, belonging and well-being. Exploring the realization of values as a theoretical framework offers researchers a way forward in environments characterised by individual technology decisions.
TopDefinitions Of Mobile Services And Mobile Commerce
Mobile services embrace terms such as mobile communication, mobile collaboration and mobile commerce (Sarker & Wells, 2003). Whilst there is some overlap between these terms it can be argued that mobile communication includes voice, Short Messaging Service (SMS) and Multimedia Messaging Service (MMS) whilst the same services can be used to collaborate on projects and can additionally draw upon information and news from Web sites. Mobile commerce involves information, news, and the purchase of physical goods and services. In this paper the term m-services is used to describe the ability to send and receive communication and purchase goods/services through a wireless public (e.g. Internet) or private network enabled device like a mobile telephone or a personal digital assistant (Balasubramanian, Peterson & Jarvenpaa., 2002; Clark, 2001, Han, Harkke, Landor, & Mio, 2002; Junglas, 2002).
It is argued that the main difference between e-commerce and m-commerce is that m-commerce is associated with wireless technologies (Clark, 2001; Anckar & D’Incau, 2002; Han et al., 2002; Turban, McLean & Wetherbe, 2002). For example, Turban et al. (2002, p28) have defined m-commerce as the “Conduct of e-commerce via wireless devices”. The basic definition of wireless is: “The absence of a physical link between the sending and receiving devices” (Balasubramanian et al., 2002). It is important to clarify the terminology since it is easy for the concept of m-commerce to be mistaken for its underlying technologies (applications and devices) (Balasubramanian et al., 2001; Han et al., 2002).
Three key characteristics of m-commerce are portability, ubiquity and addressability.
Portability
Portability refers to the mobility aspects of communication devices. The portability construct implies that there is no fixed physical location at the device or application level, i.e. an individual can take the device anywhere (Muller, 1999; Balasubramanian et al., 2001; Turban et al., 2002; Junglas, 2002; Microsoft, 2003).