Educational Leadership and AI in the Post-COVID-19 Era: Ethical Challenges and Opportunities in Catalonia

Abstract

The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) in education has accelerated, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic, as institutions adopted remote and hybrid learning solutions. In Catalonia, a region known for innovation, AI has been applied to personalized learning, grading systems, and virtual teaching assistants. However, this rapid adoption raises ethical concerns, including data privacy, algorithmic bias, and digital inclusion. While AI can enhance personalized education, it risks exacerbating inequalities if technology and data are mismanaged. This chapter examines the ethical challenges of AI in education through the lens of Catalonia's leadership, emphasizing equity and inclusion. By analyzing case studies, it highlights strategies to address privacy, fairness, and ethical AI use, particularly for marginalized groups. The chapter provides insights for global educators and policymakers on balancing innovation with ethical responsibility, advocating for an approach that promotes technological progress while safeguarding equity, fairness, and transparency.