Energy-Saving Systems Using Photovoltaic Modules

Background

The development of solar energy naturally occurred in the direction of low-power power systems to power plants with a capacity of tens and hundreds of megawatts. However, currently photovoltaic modules with a capacity of hundreds of watts have not lost their relevance. Especially widely autonomous systems are used in agriculture both in animal husbandry (Tursunov, Sabirov, Hwoan, Turdiev, Shirmatov & Yuldoshev, 2013) and in crop production (Ismanzhanov & Tashiev, 2016). The use of low-power systems in urban environments is due not least to the advanced development of energy-efficient low-current electronics and lighting equipment at a constant current. Solar photovoltaic modules provide electricity of this kind without losses for conversion. All this directly contributes to the development of systems where a significant part of the network operates on direct current (Dragičević, Vasquez & Guerrero, 2016). Switching to DC networks, reduces conversion losses and avoids additional devices, increasing reliability and reducing cost. Therefore, the power supply of the load with direct current from photovoltaic panels, it is expedient to carry out directly. Accordingly, in the presented photovoltaic system, the work of led lamps is carried out directly on a direct current, but in parallel to the led modules, the energy from the grid is also supplied. The paper presents in detail the approaches to such parallel operation of led lamps from photovoltaic modules and power supply. The approach of the proposed solution differs significantly from the developed similar solutions, which are based on supercapacitors, batteries as buffer tanks, controllers on a high-frequency transformer (Vieira & Mota, 2010; Ali, Lange, Elrayyah, Sozer, De Abreu-Garcia & Mpanda, 2018). The described solution allows to create cheap and reliable in comparison with analogs lighting system based on photovoltaic modules.