Abstract
This chapter presents a methodology for the determination of the guaranteed level of flights safety. Purpose of the methodology consists in association in the only complex of tasks of assessment, providing verification of safety aviation activities as a complex hierarchical structure with independent critical elements and also hardware, program, network, and ergatic component which are both means, and subject to safety. The realization of ensuring the guaranteed result consists in realization of management processes so as not to allow transition of infrastructure or its systems to potentially dangerous state and to provide blocking (exception) of the corresponding technical object in case of threat of transition or upon transition to a dangerous state and minimization of consequences of such transition.
TopBackground
Considering statistics for the last decade on accident/incident of a question of providing guaranteed flight safety level is the most relevant as shortcomings and problems of functioning aviation activity are explained by lack of general-theoretical basis and the standard scientifically based approaches to safety management system which development has to be guided upon the demand of International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) which defines that any region should not have accident/incident frequency level more than twice exceeds universal. These are the following main areas: introduction of an acceptable level of flight safety in the state; mandatory procedures for the development and implementation of safety management system; obligatory procedures for ensuring direct management of the level of the flight safety within acceptable or established level of the enterprise (continuous monitoring and regular assessment of the flight safety, corrective actions required to maintain the agreed flight safety indicators and monitoring, flight information analysis, risk management, etc. Purpose of methodology consists in association in the only complex of tasks of assessment, providing and verification of safety aviation activities as complex hierarchical structure with independent critical elements and also hardware, program, network and ergatic komponen which are both means, and subject to safety. The realization of ensuring the guaranteed result consists in realization of management processes so that not to allow transition of infrastructure or its systems to potentially dangerous state and to provide blocking (exception) of the corresponding technical object in case of threat of transition or upon transition to a dangerous state and minimization of consequences of such transition (ICAO, 2002, 2004).
The Integrated Management System allows for the application of static and dynamic information management principles, which makes it possible to identify restrictions and limitations. This concept of the Integrated Management System operation is based upon the separation of static and dynamic information as well as its graded use in the context of implementation of retroactive, proactive and predictive approaches to the management during the services provision. Retroactive approach is based on the application of corrective measures on the ground of static information received after the fact of a non-conformance or an occurrence has already happened. Distinctive items of static component for this approach are the results of relevant audits (inspections) and investigations of occurrences in the course of which the facts of incompliance with the established requirements are recorded (EUROCONTROL, 2004).
Proactive approach combines application of the static component’s information particularly analytic efforts and project evaluation in order to manage or take appropriate corrective measures before the fact of non-conformance or an occurrence has already happened. Analytic efforts and project evaluation towards the changes enable the development of preventive measures concerned with the services rendered together with other items of static and dynamic components.
Predictive approach involves application of dynamic information. Such an approach to management processes enables non-conformances identification under conditions of day-to-day operations of the Air Navigation system and taking adequate measures for it correction, based on prompt response and predicting the actual state of services if relevant deviations, occurrences, etc.
According to the information received from the results of operation of static and dynamic components of information collection process, routine and periodic analysis, management review, risk assessment and other measures the appropriate corrective measures are being developed. The above measures address the following:
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Development of non-conformances correction strategy.
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Approval of non-conformances correction strategy.
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Allocation of responsibilities on non-conformances correction.
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Execution of non-conformances correction strategy.
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Development of preventive measures which will disable recurrence of non-conformances in the field of services provision.
Corrective measures are planned in line with the procedure for planning of the Integrated Management System operation.
Key Terms in this Chapter
ICAO: International Civil Aviation Organization.
SMS: Safety Management System.
Risk: The probability of a hazard escaping from under control and the severity of the consequences, expressed by the degree of manifestation.
Air Navigation System: The complex of organizations, personnel, infrastructure, technical equipment, procedures, rules and information that is used to provide of airspace users of safe, regular and efficient air navigation service.
Flight Safety: The state of the aviation system or organization in which the risks associated with aviation activities related to the operation of aircraft or directly providing such operation are reduced to an acceptable level and monitored.