Environmentally Safe Technologies for Leaching Saline Soils in Rice Systems to Enhance Their Productivity

Abstract

Rice systems in Ukraine are built on territories with saline soils, and with a complex hydrogeological situation. A method of calculating ecologically safe periods for growing dryland crops on saline soils is proposed, which will help to optimize the structure of rice rotations and prevent soil degradation. The considered technologies for leaching of saline soils, which make it possible to ensure qualitative soil desalination, to shorten the duration of leaching, to lower the level of groundwater, to improve the oxygen regime of the soil. The methods for calculating the technological parameters of capital and preventive soil leaching of saline soils have been developed. These methods allow improving the water permeability of the soil, attracting a natural thermal effect, reducing the volume of freshwater, and preventing the restoration of salts. It can be an important step in restoring fertility and increasing the productivity of rice systems in the face of water scarcity and climate change.