Essential Factors for Policy Implementation: A Critical Review

Abstract

Executing policies or interventions encounters various difficulties, particularly for initiatives aimed at aiding the most economically disadvantaged social segments. Policies are shaped by the environments in which they originate, including their content, the manner in which they're developed, the stakeholders engaged in formulation, and subsequent implementation. This chapter aims to elucidate the facets of policy implementation that encompass the dynamic elements of policy development and execution, facilitating their analysis. A thorough examination of existing literature was undertaken to grasp the theoretical perspectives on policy implementation and identify obstacles hindering its efficacy. The chapter places the aspects of policy implementation within the broader policy literature, explaining the significance of each dimension for successful policy execution. It contends that a conducive policy environment is pivotal for enhancing and ensuring effective policy implementation.