Evolution of GSM Network Technology

Abstract

The explosive growth of Global System for Mobile (GSM) Communication services over the last two decades has changed mobile communications from a niche market to a fundamental constituent of the global telecommunication markets. GSM is a digital wireless technology standard based on the notion that users want to communicate wirelessly without limitations created by network or national borders. In a short period of time, GSM has become a global phenomenon. The explanation for its success is the cooperation and coordination of technical and operational evolution that has created a virtuous circle of growth built on three principles: interoperability based on open platforms, roaming, and economies of scale (GSM Association, 2004a). GSM standards are now adopted by more than 200 countries and territories. It has become the main global standard for mobile communications; 80% of all new mobile customers are on GSM networks. GSM has motivated wireless adoption to the extent that mobile phones now globally outnumber fixed-line telephones. In February 2004, more than 1 billion people, almost one in six of the world’s population, were using GSM mobile phones.