Exploring the Impact of Green Intellectual Capital on Green Innovation Performance: The Mediating Roles of Corporate Social Responsibility and Knowledge Management in Spanish Wine

Abstract

In the rapidly evolving business environment, organizations must balance environmental sustainability with economic performance to maintain competitiveness. This study investigates the influence of Green Intellectual Capital (GIC) on Green Innovation Performance (GIP) within the Spanish wine industry, emphasizing the mediating roles of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) and Knowledge Management (KM). Drawing from the Natural Resource-Based View (NRBV), Intellectual Capital-Based View (ICV), and Knowledge-Based View (KBV) frameworks, the research analyzes data from 202 Spanish wineries. Results indicate that GIC significantly enhances GIP, with CSR and KM serving as partial mediators. These findings contribute to the understanding of how environmental intangibles drive eco-innovation, providing actionable insights for winery managers aiming to improve sustainable practices. The study underscores the need for a holistic approach to managing GIC, integrating CSR initiatives and KM processes to achieve superior green innovation outcomes.