High-Speed Flow Over Airfoils, Wings, and Airplane Configurations

High-Speed Flow Over Airfoils, Wings, and Airplane Configurations

Shiva Prasad Uppu, K. M. Sree Vaibhav R., Dilip Raja N., Sathish Kumar K.
Copyright: © 2022 |Pages: 25
DOI: 10.4018/978-1-6684-4230-2.ch011
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Abstract

Progress in future aeronautics depends purely on the new understandings of flow physics coupled with the interactions of various tools and disciplines. Emerging numerical computing tools and experimental aptitudes play a key role in the technological progress of aeronautical studies. This chapter presents an insight on the air foils, three-dimensional geometries attached to an airplane with an emphasis on computational tools. A countless number of small and large steps have taken place over many other disciplines. Design evolution has resulted in many geometrical changes in air foils, wings, fuselages, and stabilizers come in a whole range of shapes and sizes, both in the aerospace industry and in nature – really, nothing is standard. The application the airfoil operates and dictates its shape and size. Finite wing and infinite wing shapes are still sprouting today, driving the new challenging flight conditions. More efficient flights will drive the new and intelligent wing designs to obtain better load factor and reduced drag.
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Aircraft Configure Urations Chart

Figure 1.

Types of aircraft’s classifications

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As shown in Figure 1, human-made aircraft are categorised as heavier or lighter than air depending on the available or employed power. In general, aircraft classifications are based on a variety of characteristics. Here is one attempt to help the reader comprehend.

Aircraft Evolutions

Figure 2.

a) Evolution of Aircraft over the years (Bejan et al., 2014); b) Top Airplane Speed from wright to now ()

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As shown in Figure 2, the evolution of heavier-than-air vehicles began centuries ago in the name of vaimanika sastra; here it is Bejanet et., all (Bejan et al., 2014). They observed that the evolutionary tendency for fliers in nature (e.g., birds, bats, insects) has been toward greater and larger size throughout “Big History” (history from the Big Bang to the present). High-speed flying is the next frontier in the aviation industry as it promises for substantial time savings, especially on long-distance international trips. In actuality, supersonic aircraft travel at much higher speeds than typical transonic aircraft. This is, as expected, tremendously enticing for business and combat applications. However, flying above the clouds is a different level. Military aircraft are now the only ones capable of breaching the sound barrier. Except for one thing: a few decades ago, when the Concorde and Tupolev Tu-144 made supersonic flight practicable transport for people.

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