Abstract
Fault diagnosis is a complex and fuzzy cognitive process, and soft computing methods and technologies based on Neural Networks (NN) and Fuzzy Logic (FL), have shown great potential in the development of Decision Support Systems (DSS). Dealing with expert (human) knowledge consideration, Computer Aided Diagnosis (CAD) dilemma is one of the most interesting, but also one of the most difficult problems. Among difficulties contributing to challenging nature of this problem, one can mention the need of fine pattern recognition (classification) and decision-making. This Chapter deals with classification and decision-making based on Artificial Intelligence using multiple model approaches under soft computing implying modular Neural Networks (NN) and Fuzzy Logic (FL) for biomedical and industrial applications. The aim of this Chapter is absolutely not to replace specialized human but to suggest decision support tools: hybrid intelligent diagnosis systems with a satisfactory reliability degree for CAD. In this Chapter, a methodology is given in order to design hybrid intelligent diagnosis systems for a large field of biomedical and industrial applications. For this purpose, first, a survey on diagnosis tasks in such applications is presented. Second, fault diagnosis systems are presented. Third, the main steps of hybrid intelligent diagnosis systems are developed, for each step emphasizing problems and suggesting solutions able to ensure the design of hybrid intelligent diagnosis systems with a satisfactory reliability degree. In fact, the main steps discussed are knowledge representation, classification, classifier issued information fusion, and decision-making. Then, the suggested approach is developed for a CAD in biomedicine, from Auditory Brainstem Response (ABR) test, and the prototype design and experimental results are presented. Finally, a discussion is given with regard to the reliability and large application field of the suggested approach.
TopIntroduction
In this Chapter, the main objective is to give a methodology to design hybrid intelligent diagnosis systems for a large field of biomedical and industrial applications. From a description and analysis on diagnosis tasks and diagnosis systems in such applications, a global diagnosis system is deduced. In this global diagnosis system one can consider, in case of diagnosis of the same fault class set, the information or knowledge (from one or several sources) is represented in different knowledge representations, and independently classified (in parallel), then the decision-making of their results gives the final results (fault class set and suitable remedies or a reliability rate of the possible identified fault class).
The suggested methodology consists to develop the main steps of the global diagnosis system, for each step emphasizing problems and suggesting solutions able to ensure the design of hybrid intelligent diagnosis systems with a satisfactory reliability degree. Indeed, the main steps developed are knowledge representation (how to take advantage from image knowledge representations: global and subdivided images) from biomedical or industrial signals, classification (double neural classification: the redundancy aspect acts to the reliability benefit of overall system), classifier issued information fusion combining modular Neural Networks (NN), and decision-making using Fuzzy Systems (FS). In fact, the double classification, suggested in a hybrid intelligent diagnosis approach, is exploited in Primary Fuzzy System (PFS) to ensure a satisfactory reliability. Afterwards, this reliability is reinforced using a Confidence Parameter (CP) with primary diagnosis result, exploited in Final Fuzzy System (FFS), in order to generate the appropriate diagnosis with a Confidence Index (CI).
For this purpose, first, a survey on diagnosis tasks in biomedical and industrial applications is presented. Second, fault diagnosis systems are presented. Third, the main steps of hybrid intelligent diagnosis systems are developed, for each step emphasizing problems and suggesting solutions able to ensure the design of hybrid intelligent diagnosis systems with a satisfactory reliability degree. In fact, the main steps discussed are knowledge representation, classification, classifier issued information fusion, and decision-making. Then, the suggested approach is developed for a Computer Aided Diagnosis (CAD) in biomedicine, from Auditory Brainstem Response (ABR) test, and the prototype design and experimental results are presented.