Abstract
Knowledge has become power for every nation in the 21st century. Information and communication become important sources for the transformation of any human civilization. Lack of information affects society and development. Evolution plays an important role in biological development, but the information will enhance the social development of the human being. In the digital era, information and communication technology (ICT) guides in various areas like education, army, business, etc. Here, in this chapter, the authors represent some of the facts of ICT in the field of education in India. During COVID-19, Indian education system faces lots of challenges, and ICT plays a major role to cope with these problems. The work of ICT is to distribute education in every field without any prioritization.
TopIntroduction
India is one of the largest populations in the world. Due to the high ratio of population, education is the major concern for every individual. According to the survey of the National Council of Educational Research and Training (NCERT), there are 117,257 secondary schools and 62,663 higher secondary schools in the country (AISES, 2016). There are 26,983 (32.72%) secondary schools and higher secondary schools to 16,533 (45.20%) in rural population, and 12,816 (36.84%) secondary schools and 13,071 (50.10%) higher secondary schools are present in the urban population). The Indian government also provides the Education Vocational Guidance and Counseling (EVGC) services to all the students. Now it concluded that the opening of more and more schools and colleges will not help in to provide quality education for everyone. India is the country of youth where a huge majority of people are connected with social media which presents the tradeoff between the information provider and receiver. Information and Communication Technology (ICT) plays an important role to fill the gap between the provider and receiver of education in every field. Nowadays, revolutionized use of ICT is a witness in day to day life. The major advantage of ICT is removing the barriers to classroom education. ICT helps to connect more and more people with the education system in the mode of part-time and distance learning. E-learning is another mode of education that provides zero-cost education to each individual. ICT provides the reliability and maximum efficiency in the learning. In earlier days, the only source of knowledge is presented by teachers and mother, and the transferred of information is done by the means of student and teacher interaction which is quite difficult in the evaluation. Here, in this chapter the author present the theoretical and practical representation to solve the problems of ICT in two different ways (i) to find the role of ICT in the education sector, (ii) increase the growth of interactive learning in India. The role of ICT in interaction and communication between the teacher and student. There are a various mode for communication such as:
The role for students are:
E-learning is used in expanding knowledge without any boundaries and proper training will improve the quality of education. ICT is beneficial for both students and teachers for both employment and learning. Zero-cost education has improved the quality of higher education. From last decades ICT is used for shaping the Indian education system. The goal of the Indian government is to formulate the ICT policy for students. There are various government bodies like the National Informatics Center (NIC), University Grants Commission (UGC), All India Council of Technical Education (AICTE) and Department of Science & Technology (DST) forces on e-learning process throughout the country. The growth of ICT in the field of education is cited in the year 1975-76 using the Satellite Instructional Television Experiment (SITE) (Pal, 1975). It helps to create the studio and start the school-oriented programs. At that time UGC has taken the initiative with Consortium for Educational Communication (CEC) to create virtual classrooms for students (SITE, 1975). They create the Educational Media Resource Centers (EMRCs) and Audio-Visual Resource Centers (AVRCs) in different universities. Nowadays this media center broadcasts their programs as Vyas Channel which is supported by the CEC and various EMRCs, Gyan Darshan II which is supported by the Indira Gandhi National Open University (IGNOU). In the year 2004, Indian space research organization ISRO launched the GSAT-3 or EDUSAT which meets the requirement of the education sector (EDUSAT, 2004). At that time it was predicted the EDUSAT provide the quantitative and qualitative revolution in the Indian education system. According to Bhatia 2009, quantitative expansion appears to a large number of students whereas qualitative teaching is visible to all the peoples. Table 1, represents the various steps that have been taken by different colleges for e-learning in India.
Key Terms in this Chapter
M-Learning: It is a learning process with the help of electronic devices such as mobiles, palmtop, tablets, etc.
Skill Development: It identifies the gaps and develops the skills which enable the person to achieve their goals.
Outcome-Based Education (OBE): It is an educational theory based on the goals, where each student should have achieved the goal at the end of the education.
Constructivism: It is a learning theory through which the learner can recognize the understanding of knowledge based on their experiences.
Information and Communications Technology (ICT): It is an integration of telecommunication and computer which share the information for the development of the society.
Cryptography: It is a technique that is used to secure communication in the presence of an adversary.
E-Learning: It is a learning technique that uses electronic resources for teaching.
Cloud Storage: It is digital and logical pools which store the data in the multiple servers.
Budget: It is a fiscal plan which is used to estimate the revenue and expenditure for a certain period.
Threats: It is a kind of attack which is used by the adversary to steal personal information.