Accurately detecting Parkinson's disease (PD) at an early stage is certainly indispensable for slowing down its progress and providing patients the possibility of accessing disease-modifying therapy. The premotor stage in PD should be prudently checked for the early detection of PD. An innovative deep-learning technique is introduced to quickly uncover whether an individual is in the mild motor impairment stage of Parkinson's disease. The mild motor impairment stage is the pre-motor stage of Parkinson's disease. The pre-motor stage of Parkinson's disease is detected by applying an end-to-end deep learning model. Implementing and optimizing the algorithm of an embedded platform is crucial. Literature shows that NVIDIA Jetson is an exemplar embedded system; many of the ideas and optimizations will apply just as well to existing and future embedded systems. It is widely believed that the ability to run AI algorithms on low-cost, low-power platforms will be crucial for achieving advances in biomedical engineering.
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Technology has long been used in health care to save lives and improve people's quality of life. Visual information is commonly used to diagnose and assess disease, and the well-established fields of computer vision and medical imaging provide critical tools. It is a common fallacy, however, that these fields are solely responsible for disease identification and assessment, and that they are the answer to all problems. The multimedia community's fundamental competencies include the integration and analysis of data from many sources, real-time processing, and the evaluation of usefulness for end-users, all of which are essential for the successful improvement of healthcare systems. The multimedia community should understand the difficulties of the medical realm that they are uniquely suited to address for the benefit of society.
Parkinson's disease is a degenerative neuro syndrome that upsets elderly people and is triggered by advanced damage of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNc). At the beginning of the sickness, the patients undergo movement maladies such as shocks, bradykinesia, loss of position and steadiness, etc., and it gradually degenerates in the due course of time. Moreover, as there is an exponential progression of the aged people in the sphere the sum of societies suffering from Parkinson’s disease is increasing and it charges a vast commercial encumbrance on administrations. Conversely, till now no therapeutic technique has been learned for fully exterminating the sickness from an individual’s body after its inception. Therefore, the timely uncovering of Parkinson’s disease is of supreme prominence to challenge the advanced damage of dopaminergic neurons in patients to attend them with an enhanced lifecycle.
Modern expansions in head imaging techniques are on the edge of fluctuating the assessment of persons with Parkinson’s disease (PD). Clinical sequences recommend that fault degrees for a medical identification of PD can be as high as 24%, even at dedicated hubs. Current developments in image study systems directed to the improvement of innovative methods for the automated distinction of parkinsonian syndromes on a single-patient level.
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a central nervous system degenerative disease that affects the quality of life of millions of seniors around the world (Prashanth R., 2018). Because of the variability of the condition, symptoms of Parkinson's disease might progress differently from person to person. Patients with Parkinson's disease may experience tremors, which occur mostly at rest. Tremors in the hands, limb rigidity, and gait and balance issues are all possibilities. There are two categories of PD symptoms: movement-related (i.e., motor) and non-movement-related (i.e., non-motor). Patients with non-motor symptoms are more affected than those with motor symptoms. Depression, sleep behavior disorders, loss of smell, and cognitive impairment are examples of non-motor symptoms.
Complications of Parkinson's disease are the 14th largest cause of mortality in the United States, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). The cause of Parkinson's disease is mostly unknown. In the United States alone, the economic burden of PD-related direct and indirect costs like treatment, social security payments, and lost income is estimated to be around $52 billion each year. The number of persons affected by Parkinson's disease has surpassed 10 million worldwide. It should be highlighted that, as documented (Singh, 2007) early identification of PD permits prompt treatment and considerably reduces symptoms. As a result, detecting PD at an early stage is critical for slowing its progression and, when available, may provide patients with the opportunity to receive disease-modifying therapy.
In Figure 1, the substantia nigra is a distinct, deeply pigmented nucleus that is intimately involved in motor function. Besides motor dysfunction, Parkinson's disease (PD) is associated with non-motor features affecting cognition, behavior, and mood. Cognitive changes range from mild impairment to dementia and commonly affect domains including executive function, attention, visuospatial/perceptual function, and memory. PD patients may exhibit slowed information processing; deficits in planning, switching tasks, or multi-tasking; forgetfulness; and word-finding difficulties.