Infrastructures of Knowledge Sharing Countrywide

Background

The tendency of countries to admit globalization along with development of information and communication technology, have developed powerful tools to create global networks of education and research (Abel et al., 2007). Activities of the universities in modern days have affected the sole mission of knowledge production and have turned universities into problem-solving service institutes for local, national and global problems. This significant issue duplicates the responsibility of universities on qualitative and quantitative promotion of knowledge sharing. The research and education organizations that utilize the knowledge sharing concepts manage and reinforce their human and organizational capitals through sharing the effective and useful knowledge and promote their knowledge-based capabilities (Hsu, 2008). Knowledge sharing involves a set of common understandings that are created through accessing the organizational information and leads to utilization of knowledge-based networks inside the organization (Hogel, Parboteeah, & Munson, 2003). Several factors are considered in the research conducted to study the factors effective on knowledge sharing. These factors are generally divided in two groups including individual and organizational. On the other hand, the applied studies demonstrate that human and organizational factors and a large number of modern technologies are related to the knowledge sharing process (Huang, Luther, & Tayles, 2007).

Alvani, ZareiMatin and Pashazadeh (2009) identified effective factors in knowledge sharing in their research. One of the factors they identified was technology that involved existence of capabilities of information technology and the amount of utilization of each one of the related tools. The ultimate result after studying elites’ views resulted in identification of the most important factors on information technology arena. Sohrabi et al. (2011) conducted a research titled as “offering a comprehensive model for assessment of knowledge sharing in the state-project organizations on the basis of human, organizational and technical factors”. Application of information technology, accessibility and facilitation of utilization were selected as the subject locutions from among the technical factors. Regarding the obtained statistical results, all the three individual, organizational and technical factors were effective on knowledge sharing.