Innovative System for Education: The Advent of E-Learning in the University System in the Pandemic Age

Innovative System for Education: The Advent of E-Learning in the University System in the Pandemic Age

Giovanni Bronzetti, Graziella Sicoli, Dominga A. Ippolito
DOI: 10.4018/978-1-7998-4972-8.ch009
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Abstract

In the current scenario, many companies approached using a digital management system. For this reason, they must take into account an important issue: innovation. An essential strategic tool for management in current times. COVID-19 has imposed a reorganization of activities. There has been a sudden increase of digital systems, such as smart working and e-learning as regards the education system. The aim of the work is to illustrate how modern innovative technologies help the provision of services within universities. In an emergency, such as the spread of COVID-19, there is a sudden change in the use of educational services by the university structure. They are ready to delivery services based on Intelligent Technology. Through the administration of an on-line questionnaire, perception of the on-line education system is examined, gathering opinions of a sample of students in one of the most important Italian universities.
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Introduction

The world economic scenario has been hit by an unprecedented emergency: the spread of Covid-19. The first truly global crisis that has indiscriminately hit rich and poor countries and that requires the adoption of stringent measures that have brought about a sharp slowdown in the global economy. All sectors of the national and international production system have been put to the test as well as the world of work and education, which have suddenly suffered repercussions on a global scale. Governments around the world have tried to stem the effects of the pandemic with ad hoc financing instruments and incentives also dedicated to research and innovative projects in order to increase the efficiency and effectiveness of the system (Drnevich, Croson, 2013). The numerous investments in ICT (already unexpectedly increasing), have spontaneously given rise to a question: can emergencies turn into an opportunity to spread innovation? (Al-Fraihat, Joy, Masa'deh, Sinclair, 2020).

The timely adoption of new forms of intelligent technology to support business operations has made it necessary to reorganize their business strategies. Forms such as smart working, agile work, teleworking and home office / home working have quickly become concrete in organizations of all kinds, from public administrations to businesses. Each of these realities has had to decide with enormous effort and quickly how to continue operating. Thus, many of the things that until yesterday were done offline today are being done online, especially in the public sphere and in the world of education where technology has come to the aid as an enabling factor.

The education sector was suddenly catapulted from one day to the next, into the dimension of distance learning to give continuity to the training offer and the links of the “class” that has become virtual. Despite the many difficulties, technologies have proved to be a lifeline in combining innovation, education and inclusion. Consequently, education has stimulated the adoption of e-learning, which is the direct result of the integration of education and technology and is considered a powerful means of learning (Al-Fraihat, Joy, Sinclair, 2017) .Many IT players freely provided e-learning services. The latter were known in the last decade as one of the most efficient teaching methods (Gros, Garcia-Penalvo, 2016). In relation to the provision of digital education services, recent researches have focused specifically on the study of attitudes and interactions between students and teachers (vital interactions for the success of e-learning) (Cheng, 2011; Liaw, Huang, Chen, 2007; Selim, 2007; Al-Fraihat, Joy, Masa'deh, Sinclair, 2020).

In support of E-learning we find the main tools related to the use of the Internet: tablets, smartphone PCs and more. On the one hand, there is a school system that entrusts the network with the task of carrying out learning programs; on the other, there is the risk that economic and educational inequalities between families and young people will widen as statistical data (source: https://www.istat.it/it/archivio/240949). It turns out that thousands of families are poorly performing compared to the new needs that E-learning technology often requires due to the lack of a computer, a tablet and / or an internet line at home.

It is on the basis of these premises that the idea of work originates which, without being exhaustive, intends to understand how, in this moment of global crisis, students have understood the change; how they have adapted to using new forms of digital teaching; what is their opinion on the use of new IT platforms and on E-learning in general. To reach a summary judgment, a questionnaire was submitted to a sample of students enrolled at the University of Calabria to detect the degree of penetration of the “Teams” IT platform put in place by the University and implemented for educational use. The goal is to monitor both the status of the services offered and the level of perception of the same by users The work aims to highlight users' perception of the contribution that e-learnig has provided in the field of education; in particular, the perception takes into account the current global pandemic scenario that has brought about profound changes in people's way of life. It was necessary to refer to each type of innovative system to fill the problems related to work, education, and so on.

Key Terms in this Chapter

Information Technology: Set of technological methods and tools for the processing and dissemination of information in a digital way.

Digitalization: Corporate operations and activities carried out with the aid of digital tools.

Digital Interaction: Possibility to interact with users of a remote digital platform.

Technology: Application and study of everything that can be functional to the resolution of practical problems and business strategies for achieving a goal.

Innovation: Set of innovative and creative ideas that have introduced something new and useful.

Platform: IT structure for the provision of tools and technological services for the distribution of digital services, free or paid.

E-Learning: Use of digital technologies for distance learning through the use of an internet connection.

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