This chapter proposes a new automated method of measuring complex three-dimensional surfaces of aircraft parts in static and dynamic modes. The method allows conducting measurements in closed conditions and at the site of the aircraft disposition. The method consists in the continuous determination of the coordinates of the points of the surface of the detail and their representation in a three-dimensional graphic depiction. New methods of measuring the geometric parameters of parts with the complex spatial surface are suggested. This opens the prospect for the development of new ways of measuring geometric parameters of parts in real-time with high metrological characteristics and computer simulation of the measurement process. The differential-digital method is based on the suggested zero-coordinate principle of the measurement process which involves simultaneous parts availability check, and connects measurement result obtained which provided a reduction in the order of measurement error.
TopBackground
The rapid development of the aviation industry in modern times is accompanied by a significant increase in the requirements for the reliability of the mechanisms functioning and observance of high accuracy and speed during measuring them. Inaccurate parts manufacturing significantly affects the performance of aircrafts, such as durability, reliability and, to a large extent, depend on the correctness of the choice of shape tolerances and location of the surface.
This, in turn, requires the aviation enterprises to improve the accuracy of the measuring operations, the optimal choice of geometric parameters measuring instruments of the parts and units, the development of new and improved existing methods of measuring the linear-angular dimensions of the parts that would be acceptable in combination with modern computer trichrometers modulation programs and resistant to production conditions.
Therefore, the task of developing the intellectual-measuring complex (IMC) and improving methods of linear-angular measurements of aviation components of complex geometric shape under the conditions of destabilizing factors, which can provide an increased level of reliability of measurement at all stages of the life cycle of a component with a comprehensive change in diagnostic parameters in the event of a malfunction, arises (Ornatsky & Mikhalko & Kataev, 2016; Mulzer & Rote, 2006; Phillips, 2012).
To measure the geometric parameters of aircraft components, it is necessary to develop a measurement algorithm and a procedure for traversing a trajectory (Figure 1).
Figure 1. Algorithm of the process of measurement and positioning
The principle of operation of the intellectual-measuring complex for the automated process of measuring the aviation components of a complex geometric shape is as follows: when a sensor collides with the surface of the part, the electrical circuit used to detect this moment is locked and a command signal of the IMC is formed. The precision of the reference point of the contact moment of the sensor with the surface of the component depends on the quality of the measuring surface (purity, roughness, oxidation), environmental dustiness, material of the part, curvature radii of the tips and the measuring surface at the point of contact (Kvasnikov & Bilan, 2014).Pre-measured base surfaces of the parts and determine the coordinates of the details in the coordinate system of the IMC. Then, in the measurement mode, in accordance with the developed software mathematical support, the basic data are given the coordinates of the initial measurement point on the surface of the part. The direction of motion and the coordinates of the endpoint with the appropriate step of removing the information, as well as the distance between the plane of the sections. The ICC measurement program provides commands for the automatic control of coordinate drive drives. the formation of sensors through the ADC enters in the synchronization and on the PC where the information is processed, the coordinates of the points of the surface are calculated, a three-dimensional image is constructed. The feedback information for actuating controls enters the IMC device. The periodic and cyclic removal of information by measuring sensors gives the value of the coordinates of the points along the equidistant curve of the surface of the part, as well as the influence of other destabilizing factors.
TopOrdeval Approach
To solve the problem a method using artificial intelligence of measuring the complex spatial surfaces of aircraft parts in static and dynamic modes was crafted.