Internet of Things-Enabled Smart Entry System for Telecom Sites

Introduction

During the recent digital transformation advancement, the Internet of Things (IoT) has a key role to play. Due to this remarkable presence of these upcoming computing technologies like IoT, we have entered a new era of digitization. This transformation is all about managing the people, assets, methods, material and processes through the internet mode. Some years back, network technology consisted of communication between computers but now with the presence of IoT, all day-to-day items will not be in stand-alone mode. The things like home chores support gadgets to other industrial equipment, are all connected and communicate in their network domain. Use of IoT is giving way to new working models, applications, and solutions. In this 21^st century most of the activities are carried out in this computing technological based ecosystem. For example, the government is managing its administration through e-governance digital platform services. Similarly, in commercial activities, various platforms have emerged such as E-commerce, E-transport booking systems etc. This has provided an ease of doing such activities and helped in improvement of quality of life for the human beings.

IoT and Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) are sub-parts of the digital transformation ecosystem. Evolution of IoT is fundamentally based on connected devices commonly termed as sensor based smart devices (Feller, 2011). The IoT consists of smart devices interacting and communicating with other machines, objects, environment and infrastructures. As a result, huge volumes of data are being generated, and that data is being processed into useful actions that can “command and control” things to make our lives much easier and safer—and to reduce the adverse impact on the environment. Potential and coverage area of IoT is huge and constantly increasing. Every device in the network must have its own IP address to make it a smart device to enable Machine to Machine interaction (Hinden, 2003). To cater this need IPv6 addressing is considered best as it can provide up to 2¹²⁸ unique addresses (Forouzan, 2002). Large address space of IPv6 plays a very important role in the rise of IoT (Paul, 2016). IoT is not only a buzz word but it is covering our lives with applications in all sectors. IoT concepts are now a day well accepted in various business domains like manufacturing, services, infrastructure, asset management etc. They are widely used to improve the efficiency, productivity and analysis purposes. It helps in taking predictive and preventive steps and efficiency enhancement is its natural byproduct.

IoT has various sub-modules which majorly includes data acquisition, data connectivity, data processing, data analytics, alerts and notifications. Digital transformation is quite visible in industry 4.0 strategy. It includes the evolution of steam engines to IIoT for the next generation manufacturing practices. This has significantly impacted the automation of smart factories. Automation has improved the productivity, efficiency and fast decision-making capabilities from real time basis with the help of IIoT implementation. This has resulted in a new concept of lean manufacturing practices. Similarly, IoT has created a wide range of applications in home automation, climate change monitoring, farming industries and different appliances used by society and industries. These technologies are all about the user experience, autonomous services, encouragement in collaborative efforts and improving the system based on data points, trends and charts and feedback mechanism to make robust and intelligent systems. One of the application areas is in telecom sites.