Internet of Things: Architecture, Protocols, and Interoperability as a Major Challenge

Abstract

This chapter covers an introduction to internet of things (IoT), various architectures proposed by the researchers, IoT protocols, and interoperability as a major challenge. Millions of devices will be connected to internet in a few years. The major problems in accomplishing the vision of IoT is the incompatibility of devices and standard protocols to support heterogeneity. Interoperability in IoT has been a major problem with the constant increase in various kinds of sensors and manufacturers and lack of a common platform or protocol to all such sensors to share data among each other. As we traverse from physical layer to the higher layers in the IoT stack, each layer has interoperability challenges that have to be addressed uniquely such as network layer interoperability, messaging protocol interoperability, data format interoperability, and semantic interoperability.