Buildings maintenance has received increasing international attention in various fields of scientific research. As a result, the maintenance of buildings has changed from the preventive to the predictive approach. This is done through an evaluation model to support and assist the management of the facility in selecting alternatives and making appropriate decisions in maintenance according to building status and maintenance budget. This chapter investigated the reasons for the electrical maintenance of the university buildings and the degree of importance of each element of electrical maintenance through the design of a questionnaire in which the electrical components were divided into elements and then each element was linked to all maintenance items that related to it. At the end of the research, mathematical models were developed, and they help to forecast the electrical maintenance items and distribution of the maintenance budget, and to verify the validity of these models. The models have been applied to study the case of dorm buildings in Tishreen University.
TopIntroduction
Maintenance is defined as a continuous process and a permanent activity to preserve the buildings and the keeping of the equipment in the best case for normal use. The maintenance includes the entire building with its various parts (structural, health, mechanical, electrical, and ventilation) (Bin Akasah, 2007).
Maintenance can also be defined as the protection of the buildings from damage in order to perform its function fully as long as possible with the repair of defects in order to preserve the building and to reduce the costs resulting from negligence or deferral by sharing all technical and administrative means. These include preparation, planning and implementation of the maintenance process as well as follow-up and control during and after implementation (Al-Hassan; jrad, 2015). Maintenance is the set of technical and executive works that aim at keeping a building items in the state in which it can perform its required functions. Maintenance of any component or material must not be less than the necessary minimum limit. There have been many views that the maintenance process is complex and requires high costs (Bin Akasah, 2007), but it leads to a longer life of the facility and the keeping of cost if implemented according to the correct schedule (Arditi; Nawakorawit, 1999).
To shift the maintenance work from the approach that depends on the repair of the failure when it occurs, which leads to the accumulation of faults to the predictive approach, which helps management to anticipate the failures that can occur in the construction and forecast the budget required for maintenance. To achieve that, modeling method was proposed (Khan et al., 2019; Khan et al., 2018; Khan et al., 2017; Banteywalu et al., 2019; Anteneh et al., 2019; Molla et al., 2019, Molla et al., 2018, Jariso et al. 2018). The mathematical model is a simplified version of a complex thing and is used to solve problems and make predictions and as a basis for related ideas (Olagunju,2012). The mathematical model can be described as a process of simplification of complex life issues, which is expressed as mathematical equation. The predictive model can be described as the construction of an evaluation model, helping to evaluate different alternatives.
There has been a lot of research on deterioration models. One of these researches (Abdelaty, 2012) aims to set up deterioration models for all important components of the metro to determine the time between two periodic maintenance and maintenance budget. The researcher set priorities for the maintenance of the subway components through the impact of the component on the service level in the metro. In another research in the Niger state of Nigeria (Olagunju, 2012), deterioration models have been developed for residential buildings, these models based on the basic components of the building. To determine the most significant components of the building, the researcher put twenty five variables expressing the different components of the building and conducting a questionnaire. The researcher found that eight variables expressed by 94% of the status or condition of the building. Another study (Frangopol, 2003), aims to develop a reliable deterioration model to predict the maintenance work and optimize maintenance cost. The researcher worked on a mathematical model to optimize the cost of maintenance of infrastructure under uncertainty, where the researcher studied several facilities that need maintenance work with a focus on bridges.