Management of the Public Land in Morocco Actors and Logics

An Economic Approach: It considers land as a well-exchangeable and as a commodity. This said, the transactions on the earth as an economic good involve many economic benefits.

Approach of Development: Land is a support of agricultural production or support of urban development.

A Social Approach: Often used by sociologists and geographers in recital the land as an object of desire (the main issue of communities and individuals) who organizes the social relationships between men and between men and the nature.

An Environmental Approach: Land is an absolute environmental fact; the preservation of the land is a condition to the preservation of the environment.

The Economic Function: Land can play important economic roles as well for the public authorities, businesses, households and individuals. For the public authorities, the land is a way to generate tax revenues. For businesses, it presents an asset which allows access to bank credit and to the financing of investments. Whereas for households and individuals, the land is an important tool for the savings because of the high land values due to urbanization.

The Function of Development: In relation to the issues of development, the land can be a set for development projects. In rural areas, the land is the support of the agricultural production for farmers, it presents the raw material for agricultural investment. In urban areas, the field is a base for the policies on urban planning; it is used in the production of urban services (housing, leisure, economic activities).

The Social Function: Land plays a social role. Access to land is often conditioned by the social identities. Belonging to the original families and the status in the family weighs in the question of access to the ground and distribution of rights on the land. This access differs according to the status and age. As well, the land can be seen as a continuity of families, of the tribes through the appropriation in undivided shares of the property but also may redistribute the roles through the sharing of rights on the land heritage.

The Environmental Function: Land has an environmental function. It is regarded as a support of biodiversity and ecosystem services, the land is the physical space of the environmental resources.