Nano-Structured Materials for Efficient Energy Storage and Conversion

Nano-Structured Materials for Efficient Energy Storage and Conversion

Jahangir Ahmad, Kowsar Majid
Copyright: © 2021 |Pages: 23
DOI: 10.4018/978-1-7998-5563-7.ch010
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Abstract

As the energy demand is rapidly increasing worldwide, one of the main challenges of this century is to fulfill the energy needs for the sustenance of life. There is clearly an urgent need to develop alternative renewable energy harvesting technologies. This chapter emphasizes nano-structured materials which hold the key to fundamental advances in energy storage and conversion. Nano-structured materials offer unique properties as electrodes and electrolytes in a range of energy devices. Among the fundamental technologies in energy storage and conversion influenced by nanostructured materials, photovoltaic cells, lithium ion batteries, supercapacitors, and electro catalysts for fuel cells are highlighted in this chapter. The principles involved for hydrogen generation and nanostructured materials used for photocatalytic hydrogen generation are also discussed.
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Background

Over the past several decades, significant efforts has been made in developing alternative technologies to harvest and use clean, sustainable energy including solar energy wind power, biofuels, and hydrogen, as well as clean energy technologies, such as fuel cells and lithium-ion batteries. In the past although these types of energy sources have played a promising role, efforts are being made in the progress of new technology s progressing impressively to make alternative energy more practical and low cost when compared with fossil fuels. It is expected that the coming decades will usher in a long expected transition away from coal and oil as our primary fuel.

Key Terms in this Chapter

Energy Harvesting: It is a process by which energy is derived from external source and stored for small autonomous devices.

Fuel Cell: It is an electrochemical cell that converts the chemical energy of fuel and oxidizing agent into electricity.

Supercapacitor: A supercapacitor is defined as an ultra-capacitor with a capacitance value much higher than other capacitors.

Nanostructured Material: Nanoscale particles of organic and inorganic materials whose dimensions are 1-100nm.

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