Nanotechnology-Based Drug Delivery System

Introduction

Since ancient times, peoples have broadly used ordinary plant substances as a remedy for several diseases. Modern medicine has its origins in traditional Chinese medicine based on traditional knowledge and practice. Currently, almost 25% of the most important active pharmaceutical ingredients and their byproducts are achieved from natural possessions (Mohanty et al., 2017). Accepted substances with dissimilar molecular compositions laid the foundation for the detection of new drugs. The latest trend in the discovery of drugs based on natural products is the interest in the development and synthesis of suitable lead molecules that mimic the chemical composition of their analogs (Rodrigues et al., 2016). Natural products have excellent properties such as remarkable chemical variety, chemical and natural belongings with large molecular specificity and low toxicity that helps to discover new drugs (Siddiqui et al., 2014). In addition, computational research will help us to determine drug molecular interactions and develop new drug inventions such as the discovery of targeted drug delivery.

Regardless of many benefits, drugs composition companies are still reluctant to spend more in the development of new drugs and drug delivery systems based on natural substances (Patra et al., 2018), but are instead available to discover new drugs. However, natural substances are currently being researched for the treatment of very important diseases including cardiovascular, cancer, microbial, diabetes, and inflammatory diseases. This is primarily due to the unique benefits of natural remedies, such as fewer side effects, lower prices, and higher treatment potential. However, due to concerns about the biocompatibility and toxicity of natural products, there are serious problems in their use as pharmaceuticals, and many natural products have not passed clinical trials due to these complications (Watkins et al., 2015). The use of large size ingredients for drug delivery includes in vivo instability, insufficient bioavailability, insufficient solubility, inadequate internal absorption, targeted specific delivery problems and possible adverse effects of potential drugs. Therefore, the use of new drug distribution systems to target specific parts of the body may be a solution to these important problems (Jahangirian et al., 2017). Thus, nanotechnology played a very crucial role in the management of advanced drug formulations, target areas, and drug release and delivery with great success