Navigating Research Paradigms and Theories: A Roadmap for Advancing Research in Higher Education

Abstract

This chapter guides higher education researchers through various research paradigms and theoretical frameworks. It covers the principles of major paradigms like positivism, interpretivism, critical theory, and post-structuralism, detailing their ontological, epistemological, and methodological bases. Key theoretical frameworks such as constructivism, socio-cultural theory, and feminist theory are explored for their applications in research. Practical steps for selecting paradigms, conducting literature reviews, and maintaining reflexivity are provided to advance equitable and insightful research.