The role of national government is highly debated, but many agree that it is critical to ensure the success of the governance framework. It is proposed that the role of national government is the outcome rather than the process in which new social forms emerged. Castells and Cardoso (2006) conceptualised the network society whereby:
Governance is operated in a network of political institutions that shares sovereignty in various degrees an reconfigurates itself in a variable political geometry... it is not the result of technological change, but the response to the structural contradiction between global system and national state.