Abstract
The verification of identity is becoming a crucial factor in our hugely interconnected society. Questions such as “Is she really who she claims to be?”, “Is this person authorized to use this facility?” are routinely being posed in a variety of scenarios ranging from issuing a driver’s license to gaining entry into a country. The necessity for reliable user authentication techniques has increased in the wake of heightened concerns about security and rapid advancements in networking, communication, and mobility. Biometric systems, described as the science in order to recognize an individual based on his or her physical or behavioural traits, is beginning to get acceptance as a legitimate method in order to determine an individual’s identity. Nowadays, biometric systems have been deployed in various commercial, civilian, and forensic applications as a means of establishing identity. In particular, this work presents a non-cooperative identification system based on facial biometric.
TopFacial Identification System
This article presents the two principal processes associated with face identification: face detection and face identification. However, there also exist other aspects of facial identification system to be taken into account. In the face detection module the face capturing is shown, just when the camera takes a picture or frame. The image acquisition can be carried out using RGB images, Infrared (IR) images among other formats; recently thermal images are also being used. The choice of the image format depends on its applications, lighting conditions, location (indoor or outdoor system), and the degree of security.
Key Terms in this Chapter
Multi-Modal System: Use of different biometric system in order to identify or verify persons.
Face Identification: This is a system which creates a model from facial features in order to recognize persons.
Transform Domain System: This is a change from visible range to another different range, which transforms the information, providing other properties in this domain.
Supervised Classification: Classification system that generates a model using training samples, and it uses that model to establish an evaluation or test with other samples.
Face Detection: The act of detecting a face from a frame or an image.
Biometric System: This is a system which identifies persons from physical or behavioral characteristics. These characteristics are intrinsic to the individuals.
Non-Cooperative Identification System: This is a system for identification which does not require the collaboration of a user in order to operate. The information for identification is obtained with the permission of the user.
Independent Component Analysis (ICA): A computational method for separating a multivariate signal into additive subcomponents supposing the mutual statistical independence of the non-Gaussian source signals.