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Non-Point Source Pollutants From Motor Vehicles: Effects and Control

Non-Point Source Pollutants From Motor Vehicles: Effects and Control

Rajagopalan Varadarajan (Anna University, India) and Abdul Majeeth Bathusha (Anna University, India)
Copyright: © 2019 |Pages: 12
DOI: 10.4018/978-1-5225-7289-3.ch009
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Abstract

Motor vehicles emit gaseous pollutants from incomplete carbon reactions, unburned hydrocarbons, or other elements present in the fuel or air during combustion of fossil fuels. Atmospheric pollution is caused by multiple sources, making it a non-point source for the pollutants. The adverse effects of vehicular pollution are physical, chemical, and socio-economic in nature and are to be mitigated by the process of education, rules, and policies. A study has been done with the activated carbon made from Proposis cineria for mitigation.
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Introduction

Motor Vehicle Pollution

Vehicle pollution is the process of releasing harmful material into the environment by motor vehicles. Transportation involves the combustion of fossil fuels to produce energy translated into motion. Pollution is created from incomplete carbon reactions, unburned hydrocarbons or other elements present in the fuel or air during combustion (Shivaji Bhandarkar, 2013). The pollutants are emitted during the combustion and the primary pollutants such as carbon monoxide, soot, various gaseous and liquid vapour hydrocarbons, oxides of sulphur and nitrogen, sulphate and nitrate particulates, ash and lead are released in the atmosphere. These primary pollutants that react in the atmosphere to form ozone, secondary particulates, and other damaging secondary pollutants (Anshumala Sharmaa et al., 2018).

Non-Point Source Pollution

Atmospheric pollution are caused from multiple sources such as industrial facilities, vehicular transport, etc. Thus a point source, due to the distributional nature, long-range transport, and multiple sources of the pollution, it is considered a nonpoint source.

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Cause Of Pollution

Various factors are identified and influenced in the vehicular pollution, the factors to be taken in to attribute of such in the particular area (Gang Wang et al, 2016). This also consent with up to the extent to which vehicles are properly maintained, the availability of appropriate fuels and the extent to which they are used properly; and Atmospheric, climatological and topological conditions (Julie A. Kenkel et al, 2016). Vehicle pollution is mainly caused by these factors:

  • 1.

    The release of burnt fuel by-products into the atmosphere.

  • 2.

    Use of Non-Eco Friendly Vehicles

  • 3.

    Particulate matter

  • 4.

    Evaporation of fuel

  • 5.

    Lack of Vehicle Maintenance

  • 6.

    Un-burnt Hydrocarbons

  • 7.

    Noise from moving vehicles

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