A method for solving the problem of the uniform LED illumination for the floor maintenance of birds is proposed. On the basis of physical modeling, the dependences have been obtained between the geometric dimensions of the poultry house and the coefficient of uniformity of illumination with the purpose of optimization of the parameters on which the energy consumption and quality of illumination depend. The method has been used to estimate the values of the optimal parameters of the functioning system. Thus, in the poultry house of 78m x 18m, four lines of LED lamps have been installed for illumination, 40 pieces per each line. With the computer calculations of illuminance, estimates of the optimal values have been obtained: the total number of LEDs is equal to 1920 and allocated over 120 lamps instead of 160 previously used, which allows predicting a fall in actual energy consumption by 25% with an irregular illumination coefficient being 1.13. Based on the developed and manufactured LED lamp, the applicability of the mathematical model has been experimentally justified.
TopIntroduction
Poultry farming is the most dynamic branch of agricultural business that is characterized by rapid paces in reproduction of the poultry population, high productivity and low cost per a unit of output. Dietary production of poultry farming is significantly cheaper compared to other food products containing animals’ protein. Therefore, from the point of view of public and state interests, the development of the poultry farming holds a special priority for solution of the feed problem.
Development of modern science and technology is aimed at investigation, development and implementation of energy efficient and energy saving techniques for goods and services production. One of the available methods to increase power efficiency in poultry farming is optimization of power consumption of technological illumination being one of the important microclimate factors for the aviary. In recent times, modernization of the aviary’s lighting systems has been completed by fluorescent lamps replacement by the LED lamps. These innovations have led to prominent saving of the electric power. However, the authors of the present paper are confident of the threshold for power saving of the LED illumination that has not been reached yet. Respectively, problems of energy efficiency and saving increase in the field remain to be actual, and require further investigation.
Presently, despite of the high costing value of the land, in most European countries there is still floor poultry farming being actively cultivated. To rise the efficiency of a uniform distribution of the led illumination in the floor poultry farming it is necessary to work out the lowest LED power mode at the given value of the set up poultry farm illumination, and not interfering with the illumination quality requirements. In the sense, it is admissible to qualify power consumption as optimal provided that the difference will be minimum between the average lightness with the light emitting diodes, and that of the specified value of the normalized lightness. The parameters, upon which power consumption and the led illumination quality depend, thus appear to be the principle parameters for technological illumination.
Calculation of optimal values of the led lighting principle parameters (in the terms of each led bulb) is rather a complicated problem analytical solution of which has not been known yet. Some of the authors suggest the problem to be solved by the numerical method. However, their calculations made are intended for local lighting thus applying just one LED module for relatively a small space lighting capacity. Along with that, there are no researches existing on optimization of the LED lighting principle parameters for a poultry house of a prominently larger area (up to 1000 square meters, and more) respectively applying to a significant number of led bulbs (up to 100) hang up on several electric wirelines (two, and more).
The aim of the present research is to estimate optimal values for the LED lighting principal parameters based on the worked out model. Those values are subjected to optimization upon which the quality of illumination and energy consumption will evidently be depending on the floor poultry maintenance.
To achieve the goal the following tasks have been defined:
- 1.
To substantiate the relevance of the research and of the capacity to increase the led lighting efficiency for the floor keeping of the poultry.
- 2.
Basing on the optimization method, to develop a mathematical model thus allowing estimating the poultry house’s power consumption with its most uniform led illumination.
- 3.
To work out methodology of computer researches for estimating poultry house’s optimal electric power consumption.
- 4.
To justify experimentally utility of the created mathematical model and its computerized utilization.