Performance Investigation of Topology-Based Routing Protocols in Flying Ad-Hoc Networks Using NS-2

Performance Investigation of Topology-Based Routing Protocols in Flying Ad-Hoc Networks Using NS-2

Sudesh Kumar, Abhishek Bansal
Copyright: © 2020 |Pages: 25
DOI: 10.4018/978-1-7998-2570-8.ch013
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Abstract

Recently, with the rapid technological advancement in communication technologies, it has been possible to establish wireless communication between small, portable, and flexible devices like Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs). These vehicles can fly autonomously or be operated without carrying any human being. The workings with UAVs environment often refer to flying ad-hoc network (FANETs), currently a very important and challenging area of research. The usage of FANETs promises new applications in military and civilian areas. The data routing between UAVs also plays an important role for these real-time applications and services. However, the routing in FANETs scenario faces serious issues due to fast mobility and rapid network topology change of UAVs. Therefore, this chapter proposes a comparative study on topology-based routing protocols like AODV, DSDV, and DSR. Furthermore, investigate the performance of these different protocols for a FANETs environment based on different parameters by using the NS-2 simulator.
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1. Introduction

A Flying Ad-hoc Network (FANETs) is a special type of network that consists of a grouping of small or mini-UAVs, which are connected in an ad-hoc manner (Bekmezci, I., et al., 2013). In FANETs, each UAV is called smart vehicle or smart node because this is configured with high resolution camera, wireless and computing devices, sensors, digital map, GPS etc. The usage of FANET environment is increasing day by day. This network first time used during Hurricane Katrina deadly cyclone in 2005 for search & rescue operation, it was the worst hurricane in Louisiana and then after in the 11th March, 2011 Fukushima Daiichi nuclear disaster and also in 25th April, 2015 used in Nepal earthquake. Many of the human lives were rescued due to this highly advanced concept and technology, which demonstrated the validity FANETs. In recent years, UAVs are being used in as civil as well as military applications (Kumar S., 2018, March). In FANETs, All UAVs design two types of communication, which is UAV-to-UAV (U2U) communication and either one or a group of UAVs, which is communicating with ground station called UAVs-to-Infrastructure (U2I) communication. In this communication if one of the UAV links fail; there is no communication breakage with the ground node because of the ad-hoc network between UAVs. FANETs use multi-UAVs scenario of tasks can be parallelized which in turn reduce the completion time of mission. This is very useful for critical applications like search, monitoring and rescue operation. Following figure 1 describe communication links with multiple UAVs.

Figure 1.

Communication link in FANETs

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Charecteristics

Furthermore, wireless ad-hoc network categorized according to their objective and utilization. By the definition of FANETs, it is created by small multi-UAVs communication system. On the other hand, it is also the specialized form of previously existing Mobile Ad-hoc Network (MANET) as well as Vehicular Ad-hoc Network (VANET). Due to the unique characteristics of FANETs it is attracting so much attention of both academia and industry. In this section we discuss some common characteristics of FANETs, VANET and MANET in detail manner.

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