Photodegradation of Thymol Blue Under Visible Light by the Novel Photocatalyst Titania/PAni/GO

Photodegradation of Thymol Blue Under Visible Light by the Novel Photocatalyst Titania/PAni/GO

Azad Kumar
Copyright: © 2022 |Pages: 13
DOI: 10.4018/978-1-6684-4553-2.ch008
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Abstract

The TiO2/PAni and TiO2/PAni/GO nanocomposites were prepared by one-step in situ oxidative polymerization of aniline hydrochloride using ammonium persulphate as an oxidant in the presence of powder of TiO2 nanoparticles cooled in an ice bath. The obtained nanocomposites were characterized by XRD, TEM, SEM, BET, FTIR, and DRS. The obtained results showed that TiO2 nanoparticles have been encapsulated by PAni. The FTIR characterization confirms that the TiO2/GO molecules are well combined with polyaniline structure. The maximum photodegradation of Thymol blue was found in TiO2/PAni/GO at 25 ppm concentration of dye, 1600 mg/L amount of photocatalyst, pH 7, and 120 min irradiation of visible light. Hence, the photocatalytic activity of Titania has been increased by the coating of PAni and Graphene oxide.
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2. Methods And Materials

2.1. Synthesis of TiO2/PAni and TiO2/PAni/GO nanocomposite

10 mL of CCl4 and 4.0 mL of TTIP were placed in a beaker to which 1 mL of aniline were added. The entire system was stirred constantly on an ice bath. To the above dispersion of aniline, the solution of oxidant (0.5 M APS in 100 mL of 1M HCl) was added drop-wise, which simultaneous initiated the polymerization of aniline and the synthesis of TiO2. The reaction mixture soon turned into greenish black slurry, which was filtered and washed with water and acetone to remove the excess APS and PAni oligomers. Same method was used for the synthesis of TiO2/PAni/GO only added 60 mg of graphene oxide with aniline (Prasad et al 2006).

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3. Results And Discussion

3.1. XRD

The XRD patterns of TiO2, PAni, TiO2/PAni and TiO2/PAni/GO nanocomposite are showing in Fig.1. In Fig. 1(a), a series of characteristic peaks: 2θ = 25.32° (101), 37.86° (004), 48.06° (200), 55.09° (211) and 62.75° (204) are observed, which correspond to the tetragonal anatase phase of TiO2 (JCPDS file No: 86-1157). The XRD pattern of PAni in Fig. 1(b) resembles the Emeraldine Salt crystalline form of PAni. The XRD patterns of the TiO2/PAni and TiO2/PAni nanocomposites in Fig. 1(c and d) show characteristic peaks of PAni and TiO2 (Wang et al 2016).

Figure 1.

XRD Pattern of (a) TiO2 (b) PAni (c) TiO2/PAni (d) TiO2/PAni/GO

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3.2. SEM and TEM analysis

The SEM images of TiO2, PAni, TiO2/PAni and TiO2/PAni/GO are indicating that the particle morphology is in spherical shape and in nanodiamension Shown in Fig.2. The TiO2 molecule is agglomerate with PAni to form chips like structures which are partially spherical and disc shape. The TEM images of TiO2, PAni, TiO2/PAni and TiO2/PAni/GO are shown in Fig 2. It was morphologically spherical with the average particle size of 10 nm.

Figure 2a.

SEM photographs of (a) TiO2 (b) PAni (c) PAni/TiO2 (d) PAni/TiO2/GO

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Figure 2b.

TEM photographs of (a) TiO2 (b) PAni (c) PAni/TiO2 (d) PAni/TiO2/GO

978-1-6684-4553-2.ch008.f02b

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