Platelet Function Disorders

Platelet Function Disorders

Zubair A. Karim (The University of Texas at El Paso, USA) and Fadi T. Khasawneh (The University of Texas at El Paso, USA)
Copyright: © 2017 |Pages: 21
DOI: 10.4018/978-1-5225-2092-4.ch007

Abstract

Platelets play an important role in thrombosis and hemostasis. Moreover, platelet dysfunction due to congenital and acquired etiologies is also one of the most common causes of bleeding encountered in clinical practice. Mostly, platelet function disorders are deficiencies of glycoprotein mediators of adhesion and aggregation, whereas defects of primary receptors for stimuli include those of the P2Y12 ADP receptor. Studies on inherited defects of (1) secretion for storage organelles (dense and alpha-granules), (2) the platelet cytoskeleton, and (3) the generation of pro-coagulant activity have allowed for the identification of genes directly and/or indirectly controlling specific functional responses. This chapter will review recent advances in the molecular characterization of platelet function defects, the spectrum of clinical manifestations of these disorders and their management.
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Introduction

Abnormality in platelet function causes bleeding in patient which is disturbance in hemostasis. The term hemostasis applies to a myriad of physiological processes that are involved in maintaining vascular integrity and keeping the blood in fluid form. Human platelets are multifunctional anucleated cells that play an important role in hemostasis. Here we will discuss the physiology of platelets in hemostasis and defects in platelet function.

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