Power Quality Improvement in Distribution System Using Dynamic Voltage Restorer

Introduction

Modern society is fully dependent on the Power generated by generating station. Traditional power system comprises of three parts i.e. generation, transmission and distribution of electrical power in the form of AC. The generated power should have good quality so that it can energize all equipments or appliances equally and satisfactorily (Papic, 2000). Due to heavy loads or any abnormal conditions or faults on the line reduces the quality of the power, becomes less suitable for further applications.

The power provided by generating station must be improved for delivering pure and clean power to the end users. For delivering a good quality of power, Flexible AC Transmission System (FACTS) devices like static synchronous series compensator (SSSC), static synchronous compensator (STATCOM), interline power flow controller (IPFC), unified power flow controller (UPFC) etc. were used. Generally, FACTS devices are modified to be used in electrical distribution system known as Custom Power Devices. Some of the widely used custom power devices are Distribution Static Synchronous Compensator (DSTATCOM), Dynamic Voltage Restorer (DVR), Active filter (AF) and Unified power quality conditioner (UPQC) (Pal and Gupta, 2015; Khan et al., 2019; Khan et al., 2018; Khan et al., 2017; Banteywalu et al., 2019; Anteneh et al., 2019; Molla et al., 2019, Molla et al., 2018, Jariso et al. 2018). These devices are used to reduce power quality problems. DVR is one of the most efficient and effective custom power devices due to its fast response, lower cost and smaller size. Power electronics technology had played an important role in power flow control and utilization of electrical energy. Consumers need constant sine wave, constant frequency and symmetrical voltage with a constant root mean square (RMS) value to continue the production (Alhelou et al., 2019; Makdisie et al., 2018; Alhelou et al., 2018; Alhelou et al., 2016; Haes Alhelou et al., 2019; Njenda et al., 2018). So to satisfy these demands, of course the disturbances must be eliminated from the system. Some of the typical Power quality issues in the system such as sags, swells, these disturbances change the shape of the sine waveform of the supply voltage and adversely affect the performance of equipment connected to the system (Ansal et al. 2016). The voltage sag’s magnitude mainly ranged from 10% to 90% of nominal voltage and with duration from half a cycle to 1 min and swell is defined as an increase in RMS voltage or current at the power frequency for durations from 0.5 cycles to 1 min. (Singh et al. 2016).