Predictive Modeling and Optimization of Cutting Forces Through RSM and Taguchi Techniques in the Turning of ASTM B574 (Hastelloy C-22)

Introduction

Cutting forces affecting cutting tools constitute an important step in terms of metal removal as part of the machining process. Cutting forces are one of the main parameters to be considered in designing and manufacturing cutting tools and auxiliary equipment. Cutting forces vary depending on parameters such as cutting speed, rake angle, depth-of-cut, feed rate and the material of the piece being worked. In order to determine the production cost of a part in the machining processes, the impact of cutting parameters on cutting forces needs to be known. Processes such as determining the required power and accurate sizing of the tool/machine can be realized with a knowledge of the cutting forces. In addition, in order for machines to be long lasting and in order to increase production quality, stresses caused by the effects of forces and strain should be well analysed (Gok, 2015).

In machining, the aim is to reach the maximum high-quality production volume at the lowest cost. Surface roughness and machining time in turning operation are the most important parameters for the product quality. The main purpose is to minimize the surface roughness and the machining time. There are many factors that affect the surface roughness. The basic idea of our work is to investigate the cutting forces and other affecting factors which are very effective on surface roughness. Basically, when the cutting force increases, the amount of vibration of the lathe rises. The increase in vibration causes surface roughness, which is undesirable. Reduction of surface roughness can be achieved by minimizing the cutting forces. Such minimization depends on optimizing the cutting parameters. In recent years, intensive studies have been carried out in academic and commercial fields on parameter optimization in machining.