QoS and Energy-Aware Routing for Wireless Sensor Networks

QoS and Energy-Aware Routing for Wireless Sensor Networks

Shanghong Peng (University of Guelph, Canada), Simon X. Yang (University of Guelph, Canada) and Stefano Gregori (University of Guelph, Canada)
Copyright: © 2010 |Pages: 18
DOI: 10.4018/978-1-61520-680-3.ch021

Abstract

Quality of service (QoS) and energy awareness are key requirements for wireless sensor networks (WSNs), which entail considerable challenges due to constraints in network resources, such as energy, memory capacity, computation capability, and maximum data rate. Guaranteeing QoS becomes more and more challenging as the complexity of WSNs increases. This chapter firstly discusses challenges and existing solutions for providing QoS and energy awareness in WSNs. Then, a novel bio-inspired QoS and energy-aware routing algorithm is presented. Based on an ant colony optimization idea, it meets QoS requirements in an energy-aware fashion and, at the same time, balances the node energy utilization to maximize the network lifetime. Extensive simulation results under a variety of scenarios demonstrate the superior performance of the presented algorithm in terms of packet delivery rate, overhead, load balance, and delay, in comparison to a conventional directed diffusion routing algorithm.
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Background

In a wireless sensor network, groups of sensor nodes need to collaborate together and form a network, which can offer some specific services, such as data collection, environmental surveillance, and target tracking. Consequently, the primary goal for WSNs is to establish one or more routes between two nodes so that they can communicate reliably and efficiently. Such a network is characterized by the following challenges:

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    The network topology can change dynamically due to the failure and random movement of nodes;

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    Any node may “leave or join” the network (i.e., sleep or active mode) and the protocol must be adaptable accordingly;

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    Although no guarantee of service can be provided, the protocol must be able to maximize the reliability of packet in the network for the given conditions.

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