TVET is a significant component in the scheme of things when we refer to India as a ‘young nation' with 28 (twenty-eight) million population of youth being added every year and in future about 90 (ninety) per cent of employment opportunities may require vocational skills in collaboration with industry. It can link competence of youth with Industry needs. Bringing Vocational Training closer to the needs of dynamically changing and evolving markets can help young people move into more productive and sustainable jobs. The industrial and market trends clearly indicate the necessity of strengthening the vocational education in India. The basic objective of this paper is to assess and describe the Role of Industry in ensuring quality of TVET so as to bridge the gap between actual and perceived quality of manpower. It also summarizes the factors influencing employability in present Indian and International scenario and its problems. This paper focuses on the relevance of Technical, Vocational Education and Training to specialized industry and economics demanding higher level of skills.
TopIntroduction
Industry and Training both complement each other and go hand in hand. The biggest challenge of India is to transform flexible, analytical, adaptable and multi-skilled. In the new era of knowledge economy the skill sets will include professional, managerial, operational, and behavioural, inter personal and inter functional skills. The major issue in skill development is the mismatch between the demand and supply of skills. Presently the labour market is facing a strange situation, where on the one hand, an employer does not get manpower with requisite skills and on the other hand, millions of youth are looking for jobs. In order to make the skill development system relevant and driven by labour market signals, it is necessary to increase participation of industries through Sector Skill Councils which identifies the skill gaps, prepare Skill Development plans and establishment of well-structured sector specific Labour Market Information System to assist planning and delivery of training expansion of coverage of vocations.
The main objectives of this paper are to link:
- 1.
Industry ‘set’ standards which will serve as road map or guide line for TVET to follow.
- 2.
Role of Industry in curriculum design of TVET.
- 3.
Collaborative efforts in formation and delivery of Training modules.
- 4.
Role of Industry in placement of aspirants
The allocation for skill development and entrepreneurship has risen 74% in Budget 2016. There is a shortage of 100,000 trainers to implement skill-development programmes across the country, according to data provided to the Lok Sabha on Februrary 24, 2016, five days ahead of the budget.
Only 2% (nearly 9 million) of Indian workers are formally skilled; net enrolment in vocational courses in India is only about 5.5 million per year, compared with 90 million in China and 11.3 million in the United States, as IndiaSpend reported previously.
About 10.6 million Indians are unemployed, according to a 2011-'12 survey by the National Sample Survey Office; of these, 7.8 million are in the age group of 20-59 years. Similarly, an estimated 474 million people have part-time employment
In addition to setting up the National Board for Skill Development Certification in partnership with the industry and academia, the government is also planning to skill 10 million youth over the next three years under the Pradhan Mantri Kaushal Vikas Yojana, Prime Minister’s Skill Development Scheme.
The creation of a separate ministry for skill development and entrepreneurship was announced last year in this direction.
Figure 1.
Budgets for ministry of skill development and entrepreneurship
The major allocation has been to PMKVY, Rs 1,771 crore, under which the National Skill Development Fund/Corporation – tasked with raising funds from both government and non-government sectors for skill development – received the most, Rs 1,350 crore.
The PMKVY, launched on July 15, 2015, is a skill certification and reward scheme, and is likely to benefit 2.4 million people