Recent Advancement in Additive Manufacturing

Recent Advancement in Additive Manufacturing

Satyanarayana Kosaraju, Krishna Mohan B., Swadesh Kumar Singh
DOI: 10.4018/978-1-5225-9167-2.ch001
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Abstract

Additive manufacturing (AM) is acquiring attention in the field of manufacturing. The technique facilitates building of parts through the addition of materials using a computerized three-dimensional solid model. However, the process does not require any coolants, cutting tools, or other resources that are used in conventional manufacturing. The numerous advantages over conventional manufacturing have created interest towards the applications of additive manufacturing in the field of engineering. The governing fundamental principles of additive manufacturing offer a wide spectrum of advantages which includes design, geometric flexibility, near-net-shape capabilities, and fabrication using various materials, reducing the cycle time for manufacturing and overall savings in both energy and costs. The chapter provides a step-by-step procedure for generation of a component through 3D printing and a brief discussion on advanced AM techniques. These can produce high-quality products at high speed and can be used as industrial manufacturing techniques.
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Additive Manufacturing Process And Their Categories

AM processes are categorized into seven families. Each category is characterized by the principles according to which material is added. They include Vat Photo-polymerization, Powder Bed Fusion (PBF), Material Extrusion, Directed Energy Deposition (DED), Binder Jetting, Material Jetting, and Sheet Lamination. Table 1 illustrates AM processes and their methodologies.

Table 1.
AM processes and their methodologies
AM ProcessProcess Methodology
Vat Photo-polymerizationResins (photo polymers) are cured by light of specific wave length
Powder Bed Fusion (PBF)Energy is used to fuse powder material which was spread as a thin layer, precisely, using some fusing agents
Material Extrusion (ME)Molten material is precisely extruded through Nozzle
Directed Energy Deposition (DED)Powder or filament material is fused by applying thermal energy from sources like laser or electron beam
Binder Jetting (BJ)Strata of Powder material bonded using binding material
Material Jetting (MJ)Material droplets are sprayed precisely.
Sheet LaminationParts are built by binding Sheets

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