Reconciliation of Identity Groups in Iraq: Conflict Analysis and Political Means of Ethnic Accommodation

Abstract

Since the parliamentary elections in 31st April 2014, the political process in Iraq described as a fragile, ethnic tension have mounted and security situation declined tremendously with the rises of Islamic State in Sunni Arab populated areas. Since 10th June 2014, over a million internally displaced people approached Iraqi Kurdistan Region in a two-week time period. More than 300,000 monitories, including Yazidi Kurds and Christians, have fled to Duhok city. Additionally, over 40,000 civilians Yazidis trapped for a week in the mountain of Snjar, running from Islamic State (IS). This text works out measures for accommodating conflicts and claims of Iraqi sectarian groups. In order to explore and assess application of those means in conflict accommodation in Iraq, first, this text analyses the conflict through identifying actors, outlines the structure of the conflict and change in the dynamic of the conflict over the time. Second section of this text, illustrates the means for reconciliation of different identities in the world of politics based on the conflict analysis.

Key Terms in this Chapter

CPA: Coalition Provisional Authority.

ICTJ: International Centre of Transitional Justices.

KDP: Kurdistan Democratic Party.

UNAMI: United Nation Assistant Mission for Iraq.

HRW: Human Rights Watch.

IOM: International Office for Migrations.

SIDA: Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency.

UCDP: UPPSALA Conflict Data Program.

ISIL: Islamic State in Iraq and Levant.

IKR: Iraqi Kurdistan Region.

PUK: Patriotic Union of Kurdistan.

IS: Islamic State.

NCF: National Coalition Forces.