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The Role of Genetic Data Analysis for Precision Therapy in Cancer: Personalized Medicine Concept in Cancer Treatment

The Role of Genetic Data Analysis for Precision Therapy in Cancer: Personalized Medicine Concept in Cancer Treatment

Sunishtha Singh Yadav (Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University, India), Vandana Chauhan (Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University, India), Vijeta Singh (Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University, India), and Svenja Kohler (University of Lübeck, Germany)
Copyright: © 2024 |Pages: 17
DOI: 10.4018/979-8-3693-3026-5.ch067
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Abstract

Cancer has been known as a devastating disease that takes thousands of lives every year. And since this is a heterogenous disease, standard treatments, like chemotherapy, radiation, and chemo-radio therapy, are effective in specific patient population subset only. Genetic differences play a very crucial role in defining cancer susceptibility and also in determining the drug's efficacy by affecting regulation, expression, and activity of drug metabolizing enzymes, drug transporters, and drug receptors. This genetic variability of the disease lends itself to the emerging field of precision or personalized medicine. There are some specific ways of acquiring data for precision or personalized medicine approach like genome wide association scan (GWAS). This is basically identification and scanning of biomarkers throughout the complete DNA/genome of several individuals to study any type of genetic variations which are linked with any form of cancer.
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Epidemiology Of Cancer

Genetic Factors

It is a well-known fact that almost all the cancer-causing agents leads to variations in the genetic content. Furthermore, it has been studies by several researchers across the world that variations in the somatic cell’s genetic expressions due to mutations finally leads to transformations leading to malignancies. Moreover, for almost all cancer types there exists dominant inheritance which are truly penetrant and called the genetic susceptibility/predisposition. These contributes to approximately 2%-5% of total fatal cancer forms (Bahrami et al., 2018).

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