Abstract
Fog computing is a term coined by networking giant Cisco. It is a new paradigm that extends the cloud computing model by conferring computation, storage, and application services at the periphery of networks. Fog computing is a gifted paradigm of cloud computing that facilitates the mobility, portability, heterogeneity, and processing of voluminous data. These distinct features of fog help to reduce latency and make it suitable for location-sensitive applications. Fog computing features raise new security concerns and challenges. The existing cloud security has not been implemented directly due to mobility, heterogeneity of fog nodes. As we know, IoT has to process large amount of data quickly; therefore, it has various functionality-driven applications that escalate security concerns. The primary aim of this chapter is to present the most recent security aspects such as authentication and trust, reputation-based trust model, rogue fog node and authentication at different level, security threats, challenges, and also highlights the future aspects of fog.
TopNecessity Of Fog
Total expenditure on IoT’s device will be 1.7 trillion dollar by 2020.So according to given statistics now we can think about architecture of IoT where we can use all these devices in scalable manner so that processing can happen in a quicker and efficient manner. The total number of connected vehicles worldwide will be 250 million by 2020. There will be more than 30 billion IoT devices. So amount of data that will be generated will be huge. Now In order to reduce processing time of data Fog can be used.
Since Fog computing is the extension of cloud computing, therefore it should be important to define cloud computing, as it is not easy to comprehend Fog without knowing cloud. As we know cloud are important things in IoT devices as it senses so much of data and finally those data need to be handled. Now main problem with cloud in IoT environment is of latency. As cloud has certain inefficiency about handling the requirements of IoT.
There are certain issues with volume of data generated by IoT devices, latency and bandwidth (Abdelshkour).
In terms of Data Volume: It is estimated that 50 billion or millions of devices may be on-line by 2020. Presently everyday billions of devices produce terabytes of data. As the devices density are increasing everyday so the current cloud model is unable to process this amount of data. Private firms, factories, airplane companies produce colossal amount of data every day. Current cloud model cannot store all these data. So all this raw form of data gets filtered before it send to the cloud.
Key Terms in this Chapter
Malicious Fog Node: An illegitimate node which is malicious in nature that coaxes user to connect.
Fog Node: It signifies a physical device that provides an aid in deployment of fog computing.
Information Disclosure: It is a kind of attack in which unauthorized entity access the data of legitimate entity.
Data Tampering: It is an act of modifying data by illegitimate channels.
Authentication: Specifies whether user or a node is genuine or not.
Spoofing Identity: A process of deception in which unauthorized user hides its identity to have access to authorized user’s data.
Non-Repudiation: It refers to an assurance that sender and receiver cannot refuse that sender has not sent message and receiver has not received message.