India ventured into the Skilling space mission launched in 2009 and reoriented its direction and focus to meet “Make in India”, “Start Up-Stand Up” and “Solarizing India”. The Skill spaces and technology investments for “Make in India” are in independent silos with no change in earlier estimated skill requirements for various sectors as estimated by National Skill Development Corporation, now with a renewed thrust of Pradhan Mantri Kaushal Vikas Yojana (PMKVY). National Policy on Skill Development (NPSD) under Skill Development mission (2010) approved by the previous government had set a target for skilling 50 crore (500 million) persons by the year 2022. NSDC has now set a revised target of skilling / upskilling 15 crore (1500 Mn.) people by the year 2022. The investments in Technology and the Skilling are operating from respective independent and closed silos with very little interaction.
TopIntroduction
Almost all the countries have got a validation of their respective TVET Mission, Policies and Road Map from UNEVOC shows the importance of Skilling which has not remained just a buzzword. The areas marked with 6 corner star are awaiting validation thus leaving a very few countries marked with 4 corner star, that are mainly from Africa and Latin America for initiating such process of validation. India got the TVET validation in October 2015, whereas the process was started in 2012.
“If you're young and talented, it's like you have wings.” said Haruki Murakami a Japanese writer and a sports person. Giving wings to the youth can be made possible and a reality for India, which requires India’s Skill Space for our youth to be aligned to appropriate quality education and training to be new technology industry ready in the changing world. This requires various stakeholders in policy making and implementation need to act in synergy so as to give a desired effect like Symphonic production in Skilling India. This needs a process overhaul starting from preschool till life-long-learning (LLL). India now is having youth ready, as such starting from preschool for them is impossible, but corrective actions need to be incorporated in the skilling.
This paper deliberates more on such Skills that can contribute a higher GDP contribution per person, without belittling other employment oriented skills (for livelihood, or for low skill career) that are equally important. Such comparatively low end technologies are equally important and have been exported in the past as manpower with skill passport, but today the youth of Arab world is also looking for jobs, who at one time enjoyed all the prosperity. Indians have been part of Middle East’s development story. The traditional skills for masses are equally important. Emphasis of this paper is on technology transition at different levels of skills with their development strategies under India's qualification framework i.e. NSQF. The paper focuses on Skill in Power Sector, IT etc. having comparatively higher contribution to GDP & the job growth in these sectors. We have to compare technology on much shorter time horizon as it is fast changing, than on decade by decade time frame. The Technology transition year on year (YoY) growth of Technology will need adjustment in Skills. The Technology Changes compel dynamic changes in TVET, thus requires working on a shorter time horizon for review and up-date on measurement and evaluation of Skilling processes, modifying for future skill needs, saving the Skill wastages. Corrections, multi-skilling or transition to near other skills will help.
Skill Space
The drivers for the deciding which skills will occupy the space in the job market depend on the economic health of the country, industry trajectory level set, political backup to a specific industry and population demographic etc. A wake up call for transiting from “Present Tense to Hopeful future” is important before the demographic dividend becomes demographic disaster. The future of jobs and accordingly skill requirements in India are headed towards Mathematics, Computing and Engineering. Largest increase are seen in the technical jobs as in Table 1. The space available for Skills are decided by the jobs depicted hereunder.
Table 1. Sl | Industry | Job Family Likely for Growth | Expected Change 2015-20% CAGR |
1. | Media, entertainment information, big data | Computer and Mathematical | 6.94 |
2. | Professional Services | Computer and Mathematical | 5.31 |
3. | Mobility | Architecture and Engineering | 4.83 |
4. | Financial Services and Communication Tech. | Architecture and Engineering | 4.50 |
5. | Energy | Management | 2.06 |
6. | Consumer | Sales and related | 0.83 |
7. | Healthcare | Manufacturing and Production | 0.79 |
8. | Basic and infrastructure | Architecture and Engineering | 0.73 |
CAGR: Compound annual growth rate
Source: World Economic Forum(WEF) report: Future of Jobs