Stereohedrons and Partition of n-Dimensional Space

The Scaling Process And Hierarchical Filling Of The N-Dimensional Space

The problem of completing space by polyhedrons is one of the fundamental problems of mathematics, which has long attracted the attention of scientists. In 1900, D. Gilbert formulated 23 mathematical problems that require solution (Gilbert, 1901). One of these problems (eighteenth) was devoted to this question. It was formulated as follows: “Construction of space from congruent polyhedrons”. This problem is especially complicated in the case of n-dimensional spaces (Delone, 1969), and up to the end it has not been solved to this day under these conditions. The discovery of the processes of scaling occurring in natural media substantially enriches the problem of filling spaces with polyhedrons. The idea of scaling was advanced by Kadanov in 1966 when analyzing the processes of a second-order phase transition (Kadanov, 1966). According to this idea, the elementary cells of the high-symmetry phase before the phase transition in the process combine with the formation of enlarged elementary cells of the low-symmetry phase. The existence of this process it was confirmed experimentally. The idea of scaling allowed Wilson (Wilson, 1971) and Fisher (Fisher, 1972) to describe the second-order phase transition by the system of Ginzburg-Landau differential equations and to investigate it (Zhizhin, 2014a, 2014b, 2014c). The idea of scaling was used in analyzing processes in other fields of physics, for example, in analyzing the growth (enlargement) of clusters (Krapivsky, Redner & Ben-Naim, 2010). In the diffraction patterns of quasi-crystals of various intermetallic compounds (Abe, Yan & Pennycook, 2004; Munkhopadhyay at el., 1993; Zhang & Kelton, 1993), one can also see the enlargement of the shape of the figures that unite the group of glowing points of the diffraction patterns (see Chapter 4, Figure 1). This enlargement includes an increasing number of these points. Moreover, this process has no limit both in the large and in the smaller side. A certain model of the process of enlargement of objects can be a similar increase in the object's odds. This leads to representations about the hierarchical filling of space with some initial figure. The process of increasing the size of a figure is discrete and it is determined by the coefficient of geometric progression, the value of which depends on the shape of the figure. The concept of a growing geometric manifold was introduced and the hierarchical filling of the plane by various regular polygons (Zhizhin, 2010) was investigated, as well as the hierarchical filling of three-dimensional spaces by regular convex polyhedrons (Zhizhin, 2012; Zhizhin, 2014c).