Strategy of Sustainable Health in Migration: One Health

Introduction

The first known mass migration movement in history was the movement of a very large group of people toward today's Europe in 350 AD. This movement forced many changes. This migration wave, which represented a great civilization and caused the Roman Empire, which was the powerful country of the period, to first divide and then collapse, later caused great confusion, radical change in the socioeconomic structure, the emergence of new nations and the birth of new nations and borders. All the while, the world population was only about 200 million. Now, nations worry about the world population of 8 billion and the size of the migrating population, changes caused by immigrants-related affecting the socio-cultural structure of the place where they migrate. Countries are necessarily interested in the issue of migration, try to approach the issue by making new definitions, and consider it as a familiar fact of the world.

Today, people have to migrate to other lands, mainly due to war, lack of food, difficulties in finding work and employment, financial concerns, political conflicts, climate, geographical conditions, obtaining health services, and better fulfillment of needs. Developed countries want more skilled and useful immigrants to come to their country of origin. Therefore, these immigration-receiving nations, which have a high-level policy of balance, seek a continuous policy regarding factors such as foundations, associations, communities, laws, border security, and where and how these people will be accommodated to keep the migration movements in balance. The strategic policies produced by the states and local governments based on the target human populations they will reach statistically in the future are turned upside down by the sudden immigration wave. City infrastructures, shelters, work, and employment completely change the percentage of people receiving health care. If emergency scenarios are also missing, then the ruptures caused by migration can be very destructive economically and sociologically.

Unlike other countries in the world, Turkey is the country that has experienced the wave of migration the most, as it is at the crossing point of Middle East countries and Europe. According to statistics, Turkey has the highest number of refugees, asylum seekers, etc., compared to all countries worldwide. It is especially difficult for these people who entered Turkey illegally to return. Considering that the financial burden brought by millions of refugees and asylum seekers is covered by the producers and taxpayers of the country, it becomes a matter of policy-making. Postponing the planned welfare situation with incoming irregular immigrants also leads to negative opinions of the country's citizens.

Irregular migration causes significant changes in terms of health. Financial problems, the workload of medical professionals exceeding expectations, and thus the country's citizens hinder access to health and disrupt the health system. In particular, it poses the threat of radically disrupting and eliminating the vaccine policy, which is considered a critical input and treasure of the national health policy. In the event of a pandemic, it has always been a problem what kind of sanctions will be applied to irregular migrants and what measures will be taken for them. During the pandemic, the illegal entry of hundreds of thousands of Afghan, Iraqi and Syrian citizens into the country have disrupted this process.

It has been observed that these societies, which have different cultural perspectives, experience adaptation problems after entering a democratic and secular country like Turkey. It is also a fact that most of these people who have left their country come to Turkey to cross into Europe, but as per the agreement with the European Union, they are stuck in this area due to Turkey's efforts not to let these people cross the border.

This study evaluated the issue of migration within the framework of various factors and tried to shed light on the current situation in the health field. Despite the negativities caused by migration, a structural view has been developed on how to have a sustainable health policy. In addition, this study aims to reveal the problems brought by artificial refugee definitions and the reality of asylum seekers, to address structural solutions to overcome these problems and to make explanations so that such issues do not bring additional burdens in the future. The qualitative study examines the refugee issue, which is problematic within the framework of evaluations and suggestions about the existing and implemented policies.