Solving the problem of increasing plant resistance, the development of environmentally-friendly technologies is particularly important, which also contribute to the reduction of resource costs for production and load on the environment. The research results indicate a positive effect from the treatment of plants and seeds with electrochemically activated (ECA) water, electric fields, and impulse pressure (IP). Pre-sowing treatment of seeds with ECA water increases the germination rate and seed germination energy, improves the development of plants, improves morphological parameters, etc. The reactions of economically dangerous pests and causative agents of infectious plant diseases to the use of ECA water are identified. The combination of pre-sowing seed treatment with the treatment of vegetative plants provides the highest possible result.
TopBackground
Plant organisms are highly sensitive to biotic, physical, and chemical factors (Vartapetian, 1985). Their responses include a cascade of events at the molecular, cellular, tissue, organ, organism, and population levels (Polevoy, 2001). Functional and structural changes, at the molecular level, manifest themselves in changes in plant growth, development, stability, viability and productivity (Tarchevsky, 2002).
The disclosure of plant response mechanisms to such effects is of research and practical interest. Electromagnetic fields (Pietruszewski, Muszynski & Dziwulska, 2007; Kasakova et al., 2018), structured, ionized and magnetically activated water (Booth, 1992) are effective plant growth stimulators that affect the physiological spectrum processes occurring in them (Opritov, Pyatygin & Retivin, 1991).
At present, ideas about the effect of doses of a stressor are justified (Pakhomova, 1995). If we consider resistance as the proportion of surviving individuals in pro cents of the control, then it follows that small exposures increase resistance, a greater number of individuals survive than in the control (the hormesis phenomenon). Impacts that lead to the death of less than 50% of organisms contribute to the selection of the most viable individuals in the population (or sample), and the effects leading to the death of more than 50% of individuals contribute to the emergence of genetic changes in survivors (Pakhomova, 1995).